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Understanding Integumentary System: Skin, Genetic Defects, and Scar Formation

Explore normal skin structures, genetic abnormalities associated with skin, and scar formation processes. Learn about various genetic skin disorders like Epidermolysis Bullosa, Ichthyosis, Neurofibromatosis, Incontinentia Pigmenti, and Albinism, as well as scar types such as hypertrophic and keloid. Discover insights on Cesarean section scars, scarification practices, and diabetic foot ulceration.

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Understanding Integumentary System: Skin, Genetic Defects, and Scar Formation

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  1. The Integumentary System Normal skin, Genetic Defects, and Scar Formation

  2. Cross section through human skin Keratin Stratified squamous epithelium Dense irregular connective tissue

  3. Cross section through human skin

  4. Pacinian corpuscle (note the onion-like appearance)

  5. Meissner corpuscles located in the dermis

  6. Melanin producing melanocytes

  7. Genetic Abnormalities Associated with Skin

  8. EpidermolysisBullosa Fragile Skin, Blistering do to a defect in the adhesion molecules that keep the simple squamous epithelium together

  9. Ichthyosis – Scaly fish disorder Harlequin Type 1 ichthysos

  10. Neurofibromatosis – defect on Chromosome 1. Autoosmal dominant disorder

  11. IncontinentiaPigmenti X-linked disorder, often fatal in boys, causes hyperpigmentation of the skin, blistering, loss of motor function, delayed growth, mental impairment

  12. Albinism – A autosomal recessive genetic disorder in which the individual produces no melanin. Albinism occurs in all species and races

  13. Simplified cross section of a hair

  14. Scar Formation

  15. Normal healing, epithelial cells move to the area Little or no fibroblast activity

  16. Mild hypertrophic scarring

  17. Mild keloid formation

  18. Keloid formation

  19. Cesarean section scars then and now

  20. Ritual scarification of the skin for religious or cultural reasons

  21. Scarification as body art / modification

  22. Diabetic ulceration of the foot, note the extensor tendons of the foot

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