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The Rich History of Early Latin American Civilizations: Olmec, Maya, Toltec, Aztec, and Inca

Explore the fascinating early civilizations of Latin America, including the Olmec, whose influence stretched from 1500 BC to 300 BC in southern Mexico, known for their advanced cities and religious centers. Discover the mysterious Maya civilization, which thrived from 300 to 900 AD, recognized for their hieroglyphics and astronomical knowledge. Learn about the Toltec's powerful trade and eventual conquest by the Aztecs, who built the impressive Tenochtitlan. Finally, delve into the expansive Inca Empire of the 1400s, with its capital at Cuzco in the Andes.

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The Rich History of Early Latin American Civilizations: Olmec, Maya, Toltec, Aztec, and Inca

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 8.1 History & Governments of Latin America

  2. Early Native American Civilizations

  3. The Olmec Civilization lasted from 1500 BC to 300 BC in southern Mexico.

  4. The Olmec Cities focused depended on one another • Responsible for maize, jade, obsidian production

  5. Other cities were religious centers with pyramid-shaped stone temples.

  6. The Maya (Chitzinitza) • Civilization lasted between 300-900 AD. • Historians still cannot explain how the Maya disappeared

  7. The Mayans used hieroglyphics to record the history of their kings. • They were also skilled at astronomy and developed a calendar.

  8. The Toltec • Located in Northern Mexico.

  9. They created the city of Tula (present day Mexico City).

  10. Rulers controlled trade (monopoly) of obsidian and had the most powerful weapons in the area. • They were conquered by the Aztecs.

  11. The Aztec • They created their capital – Tenochtitlan • The city held about 250,000 and had large temples

  12. The Inca • The Inca had a very powerful civilization during the 1400s.

  13. Their empire stretched across most of the Andes.

  14. The Capital of the Inca was Cuzco and was located high in the Andes.

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