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This comprehensive study by Vicky Huang explores effective methodologies for teaching English in Australia. The research includes classroom observations focusing on listening, vocabulary, and interactive activities in Year 6 students. Highlighting top-down and bottom-up approaches, the study discusses techniques such as prediction tasks, vocabulary instruction, and interactive games. Additionally, it offers insights from school visits, emphasizing collaboration, retrieval strategies, and constructing meaningful learning experiences. Aimed at educators, this guide provides practical approaches to enhance language acquisition.
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Overseas Study in Australia 2007 By Vicky Huang
Overview • Methodology and Classroom Observation 1.Listening 2.Vocabulary 3.Interactive activity (Listening/Speaking/Reading) 4. Writing • School Visit • Information Sharing
Listening –Finding a balance • Top-down: context 1. looking from the whole language 2. focus on the “meaning” and “use” 3. prediction task-w/o words preteach, students can’t get involved. • Bottom-up 1. part of language 2. grammar/ vocabulary/ pronunciation…
Classroom ObservationTop-down Listening Task Topic : Cow
Classroom ObservationBottom-up task • Bingo Game ex. language opinion bingo • matching
How do I use it ? Top-down Task(Enjoy 9, Lesson 1) • Ss background- Year 6, Level D • Preteach- “is coming to”, “Friday”, “singer”, “want to be” • Using web map to help students understand the conversation.
How do I use it?Bottom-up Task (Enjoy 7, Lesson 2) • Follow the instruction. • Go to block 13, write down the number of picture “beak”.(a) • Go to block 9, write down the number of picture “cheese”(c) • ...
Vocabulary • Context approach • Notions: ”noticing”, “retrieval” and “use” 1. Noticing-teach words 2. Retrieval and Use – How are students using? • Denotation (the word meaning) and Connotation (personal association and feelings for the word)
Classroom ObservationWords Instruction for Post-Beginner Level Word Wall • Help students to retrieve the words
Words Instruction for Beginner Level A group a picture, each group has different pictures • Students write down the words associated with the pictures. (retrieval) • They may write them in sentences with consistency. (use) • Presented by groups Denotation and connotation are both included
Words Instruction for -- Post Beginner Level Students should read it, copy it and repeat it. (retrieval) An activity book a week. Make sentences with the words. (use)
How do I use it? (Enjoy6, Lesson 6) Making Word Association Map Through Discussion noticing & Denotation Connotation Ex 新學友書局 長和書局 萬花筒書局 Buy what? pens, CDs, erasers, books, storybooks notebooks …
Make a sentence (retrieval and use) 新學友is a bookstore. I am going to the bookstore. I am going to buybooks. 壽山動物園is a zoo. I am going to the zoo. I am going to see lions.
Interactive Task • Work in pairs or small groups. • Talk is needed to complete the task. • Equal turn taking. • Types of interactive tasks? - IGAs - Barrier Games - Flow charts - Ranking - Sequencing - Surveying / Interviewing
Classroom ObservationInteractive Task Y c Flow chart- spelling activity Ranking ex. the most important, the favorite, the noisiest…
Classroom ObservationInteractive Task --IGA For advanced students One is for student A, another one is for student B.
Surveying and Ranking-retrieval and use the words • Q: Where are you going ?(Ask students to choose the one they want to go most.) • Make a bar chart and students read the chart information.
IGA- Enjoy7, Lesson 2 • 2 students a pair. • Student A is an advanced student. • Student B is a student relatively slow to Student A. • Student A read the sentences. Student B listen and choose the right one.
Writing • Deconstruction - makes the context meaningful - build the background (prior) knowledge • Joint Construction - T guides students by asking questions, making suggestions and re-working • Independent Construction - Independent writing • Circle means flexibility
Classroom Observation • Deconstruction Classroom Observation Top-down Listening Task • Joint Construction Students write words, or even simple sentences through T’s help. T offers students reference words to write.
Classroom Observation Cows have four legs. Cows give us milk.
How do I use it? (Enjoy 7 Lesson 2) • Deconstruction: build the field - Story telling for “ The fox and the crow.” - Top-down discussion crow eyes big feathers pretty + sing + = queen
Joint Construction • IGA IGA • Change the story elements.Use the p.12 picture as an example. Work out the story together w/ students. • Who? the alligator, the cat What? has bread in her mouth How does the cat look like? Body parts Describing words eyes big hair clean ears pretty
Independent Construction • For advanced students, they have to make their own story. • For the middle level students, I will focus on the joint construction stage. Teacher helps them fill in the blanks to complete the story. Then rewrite it. • For the slow students, they only have to copy down the new story that we just worked out together.
School Visit • Grade : K to Year 6 • Class size: - K: 20students/class -Year 1: 20-22 students/class -Year 2: 22-24 students/class -Year 3~6: around 30 students/class • Assistant teacher: It depends. • Learning supporting teacher: Reading Recovery
School Visit-Reading Reading Strategy
Website Information Sharing • On-line news www.abc.net.au/rn/edpod www.abc.net.au/tv/btn • Kids TV program www.abc.net.au/abckids www.abc.net.au/children/bananas/aboutgames www.abc.net.au/abckids/guide • Writing www.kidsonthenet.com/castle/index.htm