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Bones and Joints 1

The skeletal system is a vital framework made up of bones, joints, and connective tissue that provides shape, support, and protection for the body. It plays a crucial role in movement, housing blood cells, and storing minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. The skeleton consists of 206 bones in adults and 270 in newborns, with many bones fusing during development. Joints, where two or more bones meet, can be fixed, semi-movable, or movable, each allowing different types of movements. Explore the various bone types and joint classifications that allow us to perform daily activities.

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Bones and Joints 1

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  1. Bones and Joints 1

  2. The Skeletal System

  3. Bone is a tissue, a living material made up of cells, and is it full of capillaries. • The skeletal system is made up of bones which are connected to each other by joints. • Almost all bones have at least one joint. Muscles are fibres that have the ability to contract so that we can move our bodies and internal organs. • All these elements make up the musculoskeletal system whose function it is to allow us to perform movement.

  4. 4 types of bones based on shape

  5. General Structure of the Human Body • 3 Anatomical regions of the body: • Head • Trunk • Limbs

  6. 16 15 17 18 19

  7. How many bones are there in the human skeleton? • How many bones in a newborn’s skeleton? • Why the difference?

  8. How many bones are there in the human skeleton? 206 • How many bones in a newborn’s skeleton? 270 • Why the difference? During development, your bones fuse together

  9. Give examples of bones that fuse during development. • http://www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_DisplayAnimation.aspx?gcid=000112&ptid=17

  10. Where are your organs in relation to your skeletal system?

  11. The Skeletal System Function • forms an internal, living framework that • provides shape and support • protects internal organs • moves body • forms blood cells • stores calcium and phosphorous compounds for later use

  12. Joints • Definition: • Any place where two or more bones come together

  13. Joints • Kept far enough apart by a thin layer of cartilage so that they do not rub against each other as they move • When this happens it can cause swelling at the joint and create symptoms of arthritis. • Bones are held in place at joints by a tough band of tissue called ligament

  14. Types of Joints • Fixed • Skull • Pelvis • Semi-movable • Vertebral column • Moveable • Pivot • Ball & socket • Hinge • Gliding

  15. Types of Joints • Ball and Socket Joint • Bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone •  ex: shoulder joint: scapula to humerus http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  16. Types of Joints • Pivot Joint • One bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move • ex: radius and ulna • ex: neck joint http://www.funhousefilms.com/b-pivot2.jpg

  17. Types of Joints • Hinge Joint • Back-and-forth movement like hinges on a door •  ex: elbow joint (humerus into radius) http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  18. Type of Joints • Gliding Joint • One part of a bone slides over another bone •  ex: carpals into metacarpals http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML

  19. Video- joints • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecRoUeL5k6E • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sW3-9zM9ohE

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