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Unit 1 Motion and Forces

Unit 1 Motion and Forces. Lecture: Covering chapter 1. CHAPTER 1. The Scientific Method. 6 steps 1. State the problem 2. Research 3. Form hypothesis 4. Test hypothesis 5. Analyze data 6. Draw conclusions. Hypothesis. A hypothesis is a testable statement It is NOT a question

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Unit 1 Motion and Forces

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  1. Unit 1 Motion and Forces Lecture: Covering chapter 1

  2. CHAPTER 1

  3. The Scientific Method • 6 steps • 1. State the problem • 2. Research • 3. Form hypothesis • 4. Test hypothesis • 5. Analyze data • 6. Draw conclusions

  4. Hypothesis • A hypothesis is a testable statement • It is NOT a question • Ex: My plant will grow taller when it is given milk than when it is given water.

  5. Experiments • Your hypothesis is tested in your experiment • In the experiment you will have an independent variable • As it changes, it affects the dependent variable • Ex: the taller I am (independent) the farther I jump (dependent)

  6. Constants and Controls • The variables that do not change in your experiment are called constants • Ex: which melts faster, sugar or ice? • Constant: flame, container, distance to heat source • A control is what you use to compare your experiment to • Ex: Medicated group compared to the placebo group

  7. Theory verses Law • Theory • Explanation • Has undergone a great deal of testing • Can be changed and adapted as needed • Law • Explains how natural phenomena works • Always gets the same results

  8. SI System of Measurement • Length meter m • Mass gram g • Time second s • Temperature kelvin k

  9. Common SI prefixes • Kilo- 1,000 (bigger) • 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams • Milli- 0.001(smaller) • 1,000 milligrams= 1 gram • Centi- 0.01 (smaller) • 100 centimeters = 1 meter

  10. Converting between units • How many milligrams are in 60 kilograms? • How many centimeters are in 15 millimeters?

  11. Volume • Volume is the amount of space an object takes up • Volume= length × width × height • Know that 1mL = 1 cm3 • What is the volume of an object which measures 5cm by 15cm by 20 cm?

  12. Density • Density is mass divided by volume • Mass is measured in grams • Volume is measured in cm3 or mL • What is the density of an object that weighs 10g and has a volume of 2mL?

  13. Kelvin and Celsius • Kelvin is the SI unit for temperature • To calculate Kelvin, simply add 273 to the temperature in Celsius • Absolute zero is 0 Kelvin • Absolute zero therefore is -273°Celsius

  14. Line graphs vs. Bar graphs

  15. Line graphs are used to measure data compared to time • The X axis is time (horizontal) • The Y axis varies (vertical) • Bar graphs are used to compare data • Pie graphs are used to compare percentages

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