enhance agricultural competitiveness while limiting further environmental degradation.

1. IGP Regional Policy Priorities Established during s/holder dialogues 2003-04 • enhance agricultural competitiveness while limiting further environmental degradation. • develop food systems which enhance the social security of the more vulnerable. • create more rural employment opportunities to reduce labour migration and urbanisation.

2. GECAFS Conceptual Framework Conditions & Scenarios Vulnerability & Impacts Feedbacks Decision Support Current Food Systems Adapted Food Systems Adaptation

3. IGP Western Sub-Region Example GECAFS Questions • high productivity – food surplus region • high investment in infrastructure • major use of fertilisers and ground-water for irrigation • in-migration of labour What will be the consequences of changed water management on rural livelihoods, intra-regional trade, GHG emissions and water tables? How will GEC and increasing non-farm demands affect change in water supply and demand and consequent food system vulnerability? Conditions & Scenarios Decision Support Adapted Food Systems Current Food Systems How can changes in water management (e.g. though policy instruments and/or agronomic aspects) reduce food system vulnerability to GEC?

4. IGP Eastern Sub-Region Example GECAFS Questions • low productivity – food deficit region • poor infrastructure and low inputs of fertilizer and water • high risk of flooding • out-migration of labour How would diversification effect rural incomes, labour migration, water quality and regional biodiversity? How will GEC affect vulnerability of food systems to flooding and drought, and how will this exacerbate existing socio-economic inequities? Conditions & Scenarios Decision Support Adapted Food Systems Current Food Systems What are the market opportunities, social constraints and technical options for adapting food systems to GEC?

5. Outputs from CPW&F BFP funding to GECAFS IGP • Food systems documented in five case study sites across the IGP and interactions with water stress and water management analysed. • Methodology developed for basin-scale analysis based on analysing the diversity of food systems and their vulnerability to water stress in diverse case studies. • Understanding improved of the vulnerability of food systems to interactive socio-economic and environmental stresses. Conditions & Scenarios Vulnerability & Impacts Feedbacks Decision Support Current Food Systems Adapted Food Systems Adaptation

6. GECAFS IGP APN Project Main Objectives • Identify the vulnerability of case-study food systems in IGP to GEC in the context of socioeconomic issues/changes. • Enhance capacity within the APN scientific community to raise awareness of the vulnerability of case-study food systems in IGP to GEC within the policy making community. • Improve policy formulation by district and national institutions to enable and enhance district and national strategies for identifying adaptation strategies to reduce the vulnerability of IGP food systems to GEC.

7. Conditions & Scenarios Vulnerability & Impacts Feedbacks Decision Support Current Food Systems Adapted Food Systems Adaptation GECAFS Research Approaches Conceptual & methodologicalresearch on generic topics based on science and policy issues identified in regional projects. Policy-relevant research at regional-level on impacts, adaptation and feedbacks based on improved conceptual understanding and methods. • Food Systems Concepts • Vulnerability Concepts • Scenario Construction • Decision Support • Indo-Gangetic Plain • Caribbean • Southern Africa • Others?

8. GECAFS Decision Support Research Current Food Systems StakeholdersResearchers Establish Agenda Assess Vulnerability to GEC(Conditions) DevelopGEC - FS Scenarios(Plausible Futures) GECAFS Decision Support(feedbacks,trade-offs, ...) IdentifyAdaptation to GEC (Options) Analyse Implications (DS-Systems) Adapted Food Systems

9. GECAFS Decision Support Research raising awareness and analysing trade-offs • Establishing how best to establish and maintain dialogue between scientists and policy makers for GEC-food security research. • Learning how best to involve policy makers and resource managers in collaborative research, e.g. scenarios exercises. • Networking with science-policy and adaptive mgmt groups.

10. GECAFS IGP APN Project Members (PIs) involved Australia Gabriele Bammer, ANU: Knowledge management, exchange and implementation. Bangladesh Ahsan Ahmed, BUP: National case-study site research and coordination, and policy links. India Rajinder Sidhu, PAU & Shiraz Wajih, GEAG: National case-study site research and coordination, and policy links. Nepal Ajaya Dixit, NWCF: Project coordination, Nepal site research and coordination, and policy links. New Zealand Will Allen, Landcare Research: Integrated information frameworks for decision making. Pakistan Nazim Ali, GCISC: National case-study site research and coordination, and policy links. USA Greg Kiker, UF: GECAFS decision support systems development and QnD.