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America Moves Toward War

America Moves Toward War. Chapter 24 Section 4. Objective/Do Now. Objective: identify specific instances in the shift away from isolationist policies. Do Now: Do isolationist policies (US staying out of affairs that does not directly affect us) benefit the country?.

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America Moves Toward War

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  1. America Moves Toward War Chapter 24 Section 4

  2. Objective/Do Now Objective: identify specific instances in the shift away from isolationist policies. Do Now: Do isolationist policies (US staying out of affairs that does not directly affect us) benefit the country?

  3. I the United States Musters it Forces • As Germans enter Poland, FDR issues official proclamation of neutrality • Required by the Neutrality acts passed by Congress • While doing this he prepares for a war he knew would eventually come

  4. A. Moving Cautiously Away from Neutrality • FDR calls special session of Congress to revise Neutrality Acts • FDR asks for “cash & Carry” provision • Allow nations to buy Amer. Arms as long as they paid in cash and carried goods on their own ships • Argued it would help GB & France while keeping US out of war • Cash and carry was voted into effect

  5. B. The Axis Threat • Cash & Carry policy was too little too late • France and GB fell under siege • Japan, Italy, & Germany sign the Tripartite Pact • Pledge that if one nation came under attack the other would help3 countries become known as Axis powers • Aimed to keep US out of war because declaring war on 1 meant declaring war on all 3 • US begins to ship thousands of battle ships & ammo to allied powers

  6. C. Building Americas Defense • Years of isolationism left US militarily weakFDR asks for increase of national defense budget • Passes the nation’s 1st peacetime mil. Draft • Selective training and Service Act

  7. D. Roosevelt's Re-election • FDR breaks 2 term tradition set by GW and runs for re-election • FDR and opponent bot agree to send aid to GB but stay out of war • Ppl stay with the familiar and what they knowFDR wins

  8. II “The Great Arsenal of Democracy” • FDR, via fireside chat, states that the US must help defeat the Axis powers because if GB falls, US would be only democracy left living “at the point of a gun” • Says that the US must turn itself into the “great arsenal of democracy”

  9. A. The Lend-Lease Plan • GB runs out of $$ to spend in arsenal of Dem. So FDR proposes the “lend-Lease” policy to replace the “cash & carry” • Pres. Would lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the US • Hitler ignores his pact w/ Stalin and invades SU • Soviets retreat and institute a scorched earth policy (burn anything left behind) • FDR sends Lend-lease aid to the Soviets

  10. B. German Wolf Packs • Hitler deploys U-boats (German subs) to prevents Lend-lease aid from helping GB and Soviets • Wolf Packs= groups of 15-20 subs that patrolled shipping lanes to destroy cargo • German U-boats successfulsinl for GB boats then they could replace • FDR orders navy to protect lend-lease shipments to prevent loss/waste of US $$ • US warships now have permission to attack German U-boats in defense

  11. III Planning for WarA. Atlantic Charter • FDR & Churchill secretly meet • Churchill hopes for mil. Commitment from US but FDR issues Atlantic charter • Atlantic Charter spells out causes for WWII • Becomes basis for “a Declaration by the United Nations” • Allies= those who joined together to fight against the Axis Powers • UN charter signed by 26 nations including SU and China

  12. B. Shooting Begins • U-Boats fire torpedoes at US destroyer • 2 weeks later a merchant ship is sunk and US destroyer torpedoed • FDR states “history has recorded who fired the first shot” • As Amer. Death toll rose, Congress lifts ban on arming merchant ships

  13. IV Japan Attacks the United StatesA. Japan’s Ambitions • Japanese expansionists begin to take over colonial empires but the US and its pacific island possessions stand in the way • Take over French Mil. Base in French Indochina (Vietnam/Cambodia) • US responds by cutting off trade w/ Japan and instituting an oil embargo • Japan could not fuel its war machine w/o oil • Japan sends “peace” envoy to convince Us to lift embargo while simultaneously planning for an attack against the US

  14. US has broken Japans secret com. Codes and new a strike was imminent but did not know where • Although we knew it was coming FDR insisted that Japan needed to strike first

  15. B. The Attack on Pearl Harbor • Japan dive bombers fly low over PH, the US’ largest naval base in the Pacific • Stuns peace Fleet because it was thought the waters were too shallow for torpedo attacks & too far from Japans mainland • Attack on PH was victory for Japanese • Crippled the US pacific fleet in one blow (more damage than in all of WWII) • Japan afraid it has “awaken a sleeping giant” • Dec. 7th, 1941 “a date that will live in infamy”  war declaration by Congressend of isolationist policy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VqQAf74fsE

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