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Energy and Work

This article explores the conservation of energy, detailing how energy is related to work. It defines key concepts such as potential energy (the energy an object possesses due to its position) and kinetic energy (the energy of an object in motion). Additionally, it explains the concept of work, defined as the transfer of energy through the application of force, and the measurement of power as the rate at which work is performed. Two sample problems illustrate the application of these principles, providing a clear understanding of energy transformations in practical scenarios.

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Energy and Work

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  1. Energy and Work

  2. Energy and Work Describe The conservation of energy and how energy relates to work.

  3. Terms and Definitions • Potential Energy • The energy that an object has because of position • Kinetic Energy • The energy of an object due to the object’s motion • Work • Transfer of energy to an object by the application of a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force • Power • A quantity that measures the rate at which work is done

  4. Equations

  5. Sample Problem Problem Answer • An 0.125 kg apple is hanging on a tree 3 meters high. • How much potential energy does the apple have? • The apple falls. How much kinetic energy will it have when it hits the ground? • m = 0.125 kg • g = -9.8 m/s2 • d = -3 m • PE = ? • PE = mgh • PE = (.125)(-9.8)(-3) • PE = 3.675 J • KE = 3.675 J

  6. Sample Problem Problem Answer • A crane uses an average force of 5,200 N to lift a girder 25 m. • How much work does the crane do on the girder? • How much power was needed if it took 50 seconds to lift the girder? • F = 5,200 N • d = 25 m • W = ? • W = Fd • W = (5,200)(25) • W = 130,000 J • t = 50 s • P = W/t • P = 130,000/50 • P = 2600 W

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