1. Tires

2. Perform two basic functions: Tires • Act as a soft Cushion between • the road and the metal wheel. • Provide adequate traction (friction) • with the road surface.

3. Parts Tires • Beads two rings that are made of steel wire and encased in rubber. • They hold tire side walls snugly against the rim. • Body Plies rubberized fabric and cords wrapped around beads. • Form carcass or body of the tire. • Tread outer surface of the tire that contacts the road.

4. Parts Tires • Sidewall outer part of the tire that extends from • the bead to the tread. Marking on the sidewall • provides the information about the tire. • Liner thin layer of rubber that is bonded to • the inside of the plies. It provides a leak proof • membrane for tubeless tires. • Belts used to strengthen the body plies and • and stiffen the tread. They lay between the • tread and plies.

5. Tires

6. Bias Ply Tires Tire Construction • The plies run at an angle from • bead to bead. • One of the oldest design. • Does not use any belts. • Allows body of the tire to flex easily. • Improved cushioning, hence smooth ride on rough roads. • Weakness of Bias-plies is that it reduces traction at high • speeds and increase rolling resistance.

7. Belted Bias Tire Tire Construction • Bias ply tires with belts added to • increase tread stiffness. • Belts and plies run at different angles. • Belts do not run around the sidewalls, • they lay under the tread area only. • Provides smooth ride and good traction. • Offers some reduction in rolling resistance over a bias ply tire.

8. Radial Ply Tire Tire Construction • Plies running straight across from • bead to bead, with stabilizer belts • directly beneath the tread. • Has a very flexible sidewall and a • stiff tread, giving it a very stable footprint. • Disadvantage is that it may produce a • harder, or harsher, ride at low speeds.

9. Tire Construction

10. Tire Markings

11. Speed Rating Tires M — 81 N — 87 P — 93 Q — 100 R — 106 S — 112 T — 118 H — 130 V — 149 W — 168 Y — 186

12. Expiry Date Tires • Tires have a shelf life of six years • They are known to explode (tread comes apart)

13. Tires

14. Tires problems

15. Tires problems

16. Feathering Tires problems • Improper alignment (TOE). • Worn or damaged steering or • suspension parts. • Hard cornering. Cupping • Worn or damaged steering or • suspension parts. • Improper balancing. One Edge • Improper alignment (CAMBER). • Worn or damaged steering or • suspension parts.

17. Tire Rotation

18. Tread Wear Markings Tires

19. Tires CREDITS Google Images