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Key Topics in American History: From the Civil War to World War I

This comprehensive review covers crucial topics in American history, focusing on events from the Civil War to World War I. Explore the tensions between the North and South, key figures like Lincoln and Davis, and critical moments such as the Emancipation Proclamation and the Gettysburg Address. Delve into post-war Reconstruction, significant amendments, and the westward expansion driven by the Homestead and Dawes acts. Learn about industrialization, immigration trends, and the Progressive Era's push against corruption, culminating in the effects of imperialism and the factors leading to World War I.

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Key Topics in American History: From the Civil War to World War I

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  1. 1st Semester Review Topics American History

  2. The Civil War • North vs South; Yankees vs. Rebels; Union vs Confederates • Mason-Dixon Line; Ohio River • Economic Differences (factories vs. slave labor) • Abraham Lincoln vs. Jefferson Davis • Emancipation Proclamation • Gettysburg Address • Fort Sumter, Bull Run…..Appomattox Courthouse

  3. Reconstruction • Issues to discuss: • Amnesty • Oath of Loyalty • Purpose- unify the country again • “to build again” • Amendments- 13, 14, 15 • Newly freed slaves needed citizenship rights, voting rights, freedom explicitly given

  4. Settling the West • Homestead Act 1862- free land after 5 yrs • Dawes Act- land given to Native Americas to discourage nomadic lifestyle • Transcontinental Railroad • Union Pacific: Omaha, NE to Promontory Summit, UT • Central Pacific: Sacramento, CA to Promontory, UT • Supplies to the West, ranch/farm products to East • Communications needed- telegraph along tracks • Increased lumber and steel demand • Mining- Boom/Bust cycle • Population shift to West- new states added • Provided natural resources needed in industry back East

  5. Industrialization • Increased supply of immigrant workers/laborers • Capital available for equipment purchases • Inventions fueled growth of industry • Uses for electricity, lighting, telephones, gasoline engine • Robber Barons or Captains of Industry? • Oil- Rockefeller Steel- Carnegie • Unions/Strikes- why? • Transportation improvements

  6. Immigration • New immigration patterns • More from Eastern and Southern Europe • Height of immigration- 1904 • Processing centers- Ellis and Angel Islands • Population shift- rural to urban • Overcrowded cities; tenements/sanitation… • Skyscrapers/street cars/suburbs

  7. Progressive Era • Corruption in government • Elected officials not serving ALL public’s needs • Ex: William “Boss” Tweed • Spoils System- Pendelton Civil Service Act • Revealing corruption- forcing change • Muckrakers • Federal Reserve Act 1913 • Environmental destruction/National Parks

  8. Imperialism • Alaska • Hawaii • Spanish American War • Motivations • Military needs • Economic needs- more markets, more resources • Cultural Superiority • Panama Canal- military and economic • Anti-Imperialist League

  9. World War I • MAIN • Immediate cause- assassination • Allied Powers/Central Powers • Propaganda • Western Front • Bolshevik/Russian Revolution • Lusitania/Zimmermann Telegram • 14 Points/League of Nations • New Political Map of Europe- empires gone

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