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REGISTER TRANSFER & MICROOPERATIONS

REGISTER TRANSFER & MICROOPERATIONS. By Sohaib. Digital System Overview. Each module is built from digital components Registers Decoders Arithmetic elements Control logic Collection of modules is a digital system. Modules connected by common data and control paths. Microoperations.

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REGISTER TRANSFER & MICROOPERATIONS

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  1. REGISTER TRANSFER&MICROOPERATIONS By Sohaib

  2. Digital System Overview • Each module is built from digital components • Registers • Decoders • Arithmetic elements • Control logic • Collection of modules is a digital system. • Modules connected by common data and control paths.

  3. Microoperations • Elementary operation performed on data within one or more registers • Operation result could update same register or another register • Examples: shift, count, clear, and load • Bidirectional shift can shift left or shift right • Counter with parallel load can perform count and load.

  4. Internal Hardware Organization • Can be defined by specifying • Set of registers and their functions • Sequence of microoperations performed on register data • Control that initiates the sequence of microoperations • Can use words to express sequence of microoperations, but it’s better to use a notation and symbols • Register Transfer Language

  5. Registers • Capital letter sometimes followed by a number • MAR– memory address register • PC– program counter • IR– instruction register • R1,R2 – processor register 1, process register 2 • Each flip-flop in a n-bit register is numbered from n-1 to 0 from left to right.

  6. Register Block Diagram

  7. Register Transfer

  8. Control Function

  9. P: R2 R1 Block Diagram

  10. 2nd Register Transfer Example

  11. Bus Transfers

  12. Bus System For 4 Registers

  13. Bus Details

  14. Memory Transfer

  15. Microoperations Summary

  16. Add & Subtract

  17. Arithmetic Microoperations

  18. Binary Adder

  19. 4-bit Binary Adder

  20. Binary Adder-Subtractor

  21. Binary Adder-Subtractor

  22. Binary Incrementer

  23. Binary Incrementer

  24. Arithmetic Circuit

  25. 4-Bit Arithmetic Circuit

  26. Arithmetic Circuit Function Table

  27. 4-Bit Arithmetic Circuit

  28. Logic Micro operations

  29. Special Symbols

  30. 16 Logic Micro operations- Part 1

  31. 16 Logic Micro Operations – Part 2

  32. Hardware Implementation

  33. One Stage of Logic Circuit

  34. Shift Micro Operations

  35. Logical Shift Example

  36. Circular Shift Example

  37. Arithmetic Shift Example

  38. Shift Micro Operations

  39. Shift Hardware Implementation

  40. 4-Bit Combinational Circuit Shifter

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