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PRONOUNS p. 9-12 in Grammar Text Book

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PRONOUNS p. 9-12 in Grammar Text Book

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  1. NOUNS p. 6 in Grammar Text BookNoun: person, place , thing, ideacommon noun: general, usually not capsProper Noun: Particular, usually capsConcrete noun: an object that can be seen, heard, smelled, touched or tasted (5 senses)Abstract noun: an idea, quality or state (i.e. independence, pride, sadness)Singular/Plural NounsCollective Noun: group of people or things (i.e. audience, family crowd, staff)Compound noun: one word: airplane, sunlightseparate words: rain forest, parking lothyphenated word: mother-in-law, runner-up

  2. PRONOUNS p. 9-12 in Grammar Text Book • A word used in place of a noun or another pronoun. • Why? To replace unnecessary/repetitive nouns. • Antecedent: the word that a pronoun stands for. • Personal Pronouns (Possessive= show ownership)

  3. MORE PRONOUNS • Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns: formed by adding –self or –selves. (i.e. myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves) • Reflexive pronoun reflects back on the subject and adds info to the sentence. i.e.: • Donna prepared herself for a long day. • Intensive pronoun adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in the same sentence. i.e.: • The waititself would take hours. • A reflexive pronoun must have an antecedent. i.e. : • The committee appointed Ted and myself. (me) • (reflecting what?!)

  4. MORE PRONOUNS (cont’d) • Demonstrative Pronouns: point our specifics, indicate relativity near/far, in time/space. (this, these, that, those) • Indefinite Pronouns : not specific, usually does not have an antecedent. (i.e. another, anybody, anything, each, wither, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, nothing, one, somebody, someone, something, both, few, many, several, all, any more, must, none, some) • Interrogative Pronoun asks a question: What is your favorite song? (who, whom, whose, which, what) • Relative Pronoun introduces a subordinate clause: (who, whom, whose, which, what) • The seatsthat the students asked for were unavailable. • (Antecedent) (relative pronoun)

  5. VERBSp. 14 Gram Bk. That’s what’s a’happenin! • Expresses an action, a condition, or a state of being. • Action verbs (physical or mental) • Transitive verbs have a direct object • Intransitive verbs do not have an object • Linking verbs: link the subject of a sentence to a word in the predicate (If you can substitute is, are, was, were for a verb, you know it is a linking verb.) • Auxiliary verbs: (also called helping verbs) are combined with verbs to form verb phrases • Some common Auxiliary Verbs: be, can, have, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.

  6. Unpack your ADJECTIVES! P. 17-19 Grammar Textbook • Modifies or limits the meaning of a noun or pronoun. • Why? Makes writing exciting, not dull! • Adjectives tell: • What kind (famous, squeaky, green) • Which one (this, that, these) • How many (one, three, several) • How much (some, more, less) • Articles: are actually adjectives (a, an, the) • Indefinite articles refer to one of a general group of people, places, things or ideas. (a, an) • Definite articles refers to a specific person, place, thing or idea. (the)

  7. Get your ADVERBS here!P. 20-22 Grammar Textbook • Adverb modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb • Adverbs answer • Where? • When? • How? • To what extent? Many adverbs are formed by adding –lyto adjectives. (frequently, truly)

  8. PREPOSITIONSp. 23-25 Grammar Textbook • A preposition shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. • Commonly Used Prepositions:

  9. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES • A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and its object, and any modifiers of the object • The object of a preposition (OP) is the noun or pronoun that follows a preposition. • I.E. Many early jazz bands played (in New Orleans). preposition object of prep (OP) The dog ran over the fence around the yard through the bushes across the street… I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. How many prepositional phrases in the pledge?

  10. CONJUNCTIONS p. 26-28 Grammar TextbookWhat’s your function? (connects words or groups of words)

  11. More CONJUNCTIONS

  12. HEY! INERJECTIONS!!! P. 29 Grammar Textbook YAY! • A word or group of words that: • show excitement • or emotion • They're generally set apart from a sentence by an exclamation point, Or by a comma when the feeling's not as strong. Hurray! Aww! Darn! That’s the end!

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