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Lecture 13 IMPORTANT ROOT DISEASES IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Reading:

Lecture 13 IMPORTANT ROOT DISEASES IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Reading: Edmonds et al. 2000. Chapter 12. Dreistadt et al. 2004. pages 262-268; 341-348 (nematodes) Agrios: 266-283 – Root diseases caused by Oomycota (Pythium and Phytophthora)

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Lecture 13 IMPORTANT ROOT DISEASES IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Reading:

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  1. Lecture 13 IMPORTANT ROOT DISEASES IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Reading: Edmonds et al. 2000. Chapter 12. Dreistadt et al. 2004. pages 262-268; 341-348 (nematodes) Agrios: 266-283 – Root diseases caused by Oomycota (Pythium and Phytophthora) 350-358 – Root and stem roots caused by Ascomycota and Imperfect fungi 389-399 - Structural root decay fungi (Basidiomycota) 342-346 - Verticillium wilt 428-441 – Bacterial crown gall 574-597 – Root nematodes

  2. Topics 1. Major types of root diseases a. Diseases of woody(structural roots) roots b. Diseases of fine roots 2. Signs and symptoms of major root diseases 3. Structural root diseases a. Fungal - Laminated root rot, Armillaria root disease,Annosus root and butt rot, Schweinitzii root and butt rot b. Bacterial - crown gall

  3. 4. Fine root diseases a. Fungal - Phytophthora root disease, Verticillium wilt, damping off, seedling root diseases b. Nematodes - root knot 5. Root disease management

  4. 1. Major Root Diseases a.Diseases of woody roots fungal bacterial b. Diseases of fine roots including vascular root diseases and damping off fungal nematode

  5. 2. Signs and Symptoms of Important Root Diseases

  6. Urban tree symptoms

  7. 3. Important structural root diseases in the Pacific Northwest a. Fungal Laminated root rot Armillaria root disease Annosus root and butt rot Schweinitzii root and butt rot (Velvet top fungus) b. Bacterial Crown gall

  8. Laminated root rot caused by Phellinusweirii (primary hosts - Douglas-fir, western hemlock) Armillaria root rot caused by Armillariaostoyae - previously known as Armillariamellea ( hosts – all woody plants- roses, rhododendrons, conifer and hardwood trees, etc.) Annosus root and butt rot caused by Heterobasidionannosum (primary hosts western hemlock, Douglas-fir, true firs, ponderosa pine, hardwoods – madrone, poplar); previously known as Fomesannosus Schweinitzii root and butt rot caused by Phaeolus schweinitzii - primary host – older Douglas-fir

  9. LAMINATED ROOT ROT

  10. Douglas-firdead from Laminated root rot

  11. Root diseases Laminated root rot pocket in second-growth Douglas-fir in OR

  12. Characteristc root ball in Douglas-fir from Laminated root rot

  13. Laminated Root Rot

  14. Laminated Root Rot

  15. Location of Pioneer Park on Mercer Island Problem with laminated root rot

  16. Aerial photo of Pioneer Park, Mercer Island

  17. Location of root disease centers

  18. Incipient decay stain (above) and impressive advanced decay in DF stumps (right) on Mercer Island. Not much solid wood left.

  19. ARMILLARIA ROOT DISEASE

  20. ARMILLARIA SPECIES IN • NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE • A. ostoyae Conifers and hardwoods West North America and Europe • A. mellea Hardwood trees and shrubs E. North America, California, Europe (low elev.) • A. gallica Hardwoods and conifers (butt rot) North America, Europe (low elevations) • A. cepistipes Conifers Europe - high elevations and B.C. and WA • A. borealis Conifers Europe and Russia - high latitude • A. sinapina Conifers and hardwoods Northern conifer - conifers west, hardwoods east • A. tabescens Conifers and hardwoods Southeast US - also reported from NE and midwest • A. calvescens Hardwoods East coast, midwest and Canada • A. Nabsnoma Hardwoods Western North America • A. gemina Hardwoods

  21. Armillaria root disease

  22. Armillaria rhizomophs

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