1 / 94

Personal Computing in the Networked World

Personal Computing in the Networked World. Henry Minsky hqm@alum.mit.edu Keio University Beartronics Inc. 11/27/101. Henry Minsky. What’s so great about a network connection?. Where is all your stuff? A personal virtual server

noel
Télécharger la présentation

Personal Computing in the Networked World

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Personal Computing in the Networked World Henry Minsky hqm@alum.mit.edu Keio University Beartronics Inc. 11/27/101 Henry Minsky

  2. What’s so great about a network connection? • Where is all your stuff? • A personal virtual server • What defines ‘mobile’ services? (nothing, everything is ‘mobile’) • How could we make better platform and infrastructure support for personal computing? • What can be learned from I-mode? Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  3. Some Mobile Projects I Worked On • NTT DoCoMo Sponsored Research at Keio Univ. SFC Campus • http://www.wem.sfc.keio.ac.jp/wem/ • Ketai controlled Web Camera • Ketai controlled virtual bulletin board • WEM / Memspace server: remembers everything everywhere, environmental, personal, shared data • GPS correction data over IP • Picobrowser (see iMode section) Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  4. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  5. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  6. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  7. WEM Mobile Unit GPS Still/Video Web server Audio Orientation Sensor Net Ketai UI Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  8. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  9. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  10. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  11. Ketai-activated Bulletin Board • Personalized to each user, calendar, task list, SFC-MODE • Java and I-mode UI supported • Remote control of browser window • View summary (via Google gateway!) on I-mode • Submit articles via web, I-mode, or email Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  12. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  13. Vboard iMode UI Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  14. Java Picobrowser • The PicoBrowser is a tiny customizable HTML browser and web server, runs on the NTT DoCoMo IAppli platform. • Also in MIDP, with micro SVG Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  15. Mobile can mean the other room • Sitting in my office at home, get email with URL of interesting article, from my wife in the other room. • When Wireless WAN Access is available (4G? 802.11?), there won’t be any difference between mobile and fixed access Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  16. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  17. It’s about how you interact online • Emailing links to interesting articles is a very high-bandwidth and concise, and organized way to communicate online. • Even from the other room. • High volumes of email tend to be organized by filter apps such as Eudora. • Online bookmarks, weblogs … • Because he was deaf, Edison used to put everything in writing Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  18. The Problem • Personal computers are currently difficult to maintain for even skilled engineers. • Servers are impossible to maintain. • As new applications are emerging which require full-time network connectivity and presence, the modern personal computer becomes even less appropriate. In addition, as people's usage methods change, with more use mobile computers and access from multiple devices, a new approach is required • Future requirements include VoIP, multimedia instant messaging, streaming media • Users need a ‘home base’. • I-mode was nice but you have to be a server network programmer to make even a simple new application.

  19. The Applications I Use • Personal file directory (I keep mine in CVS) • Webmail (Yahoo Mail) • Weblog • Phonebook • Household Calendar / Email alerts • Photo album / home electronic picture frame • Instant Message service (customized) • Random Email - post-it notes to self • Household prioritized task list (bug tracking) • Power (Wimpy) Point for professional presentations • I-Mode address book app • I-Mode Google gateway Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  20. Everyone now needs their own server • Mobile forces customers to use an ASP • A drawback (for the user) of turning an app into a service is that you are now at the mercy of the service provider • In the future, people will lease generic virtual servers, and configure them themselves, thus making remote desktop PC’s. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  21. Personal Virtual Server • A logical evolution of the telephone answering machine • Replace the desktop machine • We need a high-level virtual machine models of a server, and it’s database, so people can easily pack up their personal server configuration and run it on another provider (no lock-in) • Write Mobile apps for people’s PVS Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  22. Virtual Server • Many of these issues can be solved by combining the functions of personal computer and network server into a standardized abstract virtual server.

  23. Virtual Server Physical Host Server Server image TCP/IP VM + COW RDBMS VM + COW VM + COW R/O Filesystem VM + COW ... Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  24. Virtual Server Prototype Application Environment • Linux UML • Apache Java Server • Microsoft .net common runtime • VMWare • IBM 390 Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  25. Server Architecture Features • A common reliable operating system base image can be made read-only, and shared amongst thousands of servers. Users can thus be freed from low level operating system administration chores. • On top of this base, each user can have their own personal filesystem and applications which can be installed and customized. • Virtual Server runs at data center, local copy can be run at user’s location for performance. Synchronization required. • Distributed encrypted locally-cached filesystem infrastructure would be useful. Solves the ‘backup’ problem, makes portability even easier.

  26. A Virtual Machine • Define a virtual machine server platformAllows users to easily install/uninstall and run multiple web applications, analogous to desktop applications • Provides a complete runtime environment including a fileysystem and database. • Being a virtual machine, a complete snapshot can be made of it and all its application and data contents, in the form a of a simple data file. This server image can be installed and run on any host or hosting service which supports the virtual machine. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  27. Virtual Server Technology • Relies on inter-server standards - XML-RPC, TCP, etc • Sometimes you want to send a link to your server, sometimes you want to send a copy of the data • 24x7 operation is assumed (like the phone company) Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  28. Virtual Server • Obviously this would be useful to businesses and other organizations as well as consumers • Technology allows download copy of server image to local host, for high performance local interaction • Real dedicated hardware server could be used for high performance applications • Like DOS, or Windows, make a standard, and try to allow for direct access to high performance features of the system if required Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  29. Front-end Technology • Flash and DHTML are adding desktop-like front-ends to web apps. • Return of client-server architectures. • .NET RPC technology (XML RPC/SOAP) is helpful

  30. Mechanizing the Handling of Information • Stowger switch • Hollerith Card • Teletype vs. Hell • Spreadsheet • Ebay Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  31. Mobile Devices are Virtual Windows Into an Online World • The mobile information device provides a (small) window into a virtual world • The richer that world is, the more useful the mobile device • Requirements: (a) People, (b) Servers, (c) Extensible cross-server communication • cHTML is 1st order approximation of (c) Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  32. HellSchreiber Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  33. HTML Takes a Wrong Turn • Turned into the equivalent of a fax machine, a corrupted page layout language • This set back where we are today in mobile, i.e., alternate access is hard instead of simple. • Complete failure of industry to use the technology correctly. • I go to www.fleet.com, and if my browsers doesn't support JavaScript, I get a blank page. • You can implement fax over IP, but not the reverse Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  34. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  35. XML To The Rescue • But my hotmail.com calendar cannot be downloaded as XML. • There are twenty different formats. SyncML may help. • XML-RPC is a medium sized hammer, SOAP is a big hammer. XML and HTTP are sufficient for many things. Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  36. What Kind of Apps Run on A (Personal) Virtual Server? • Built in common model of users/groups • Security / authentication model • Scripting environment • Relational Database Backed Collaborative Personal Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  37. OpenACS Modules – compare to Yahoo Personal Portal • Site-Wide Search • Survey • Ticket • Group Features • User Administration • User Groups • User Registration and Access Control • WimpyPoint • Bboards • Mailing lists • Download • E-commerce • Email Handler • FAQ • File Storage • General Comments • General Permissions • Graphing • Intranet • Member Value • Neighbor to Neighbor • New Stuff • News • Permissions • Poll • Photo Album • Address Book • Web Log • Bookmarks • Calendar • Chat • Classifieds • Contact Manager • CMS • Curriculum • Directory Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  38. Web of Services • Each user has their own personal web of services that they use online that makes up their virtual identity • Need to be able to traverse that easily from a mobile device • POP is a good example. • Industrial users’ wireless servers should be in the web (FedEx, or door locks) Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  39. Server Technology That is User Extensible • Can your users do something that you didn’t envision with your service? • Is there any way they could? • Do they have the ability to manipulate data in your virtual environment to communicate with others? Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  40. Peer to Peer is Orthogonal • Users may keep their data in their own personal server’s applications, or spread around other servers • The key is inter-server communication protocols • But users cannot run their own servers yet • We’re in the mainframe/mini phase of web/wireless, not the PC phase Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  41. Example Future Mobile Services • Higher bandwidth: 3g, 4g - wireless-to-server photo album direct from digicam, wireless video sharing Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  42. The Sims • "example of how a company and its customers can help a product evolve to the point where customers not only do a large portion of the innovation and marketing but also produce as much intellectual capital as they consume." The Sims • Applies to DoCoMo i-mode service Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  43. Learning From The Sims • For the business community, The Sims' lessons are twofold. The first is that interaction design trumps graphics. The Sims is less photorealistic than any computer game on the market, or any broadband site on the Web - it's not even fully 3D. Yet it succeeds tremendously because it allows players with different agendas to interact as consumers, producers, mavens and community leaders and to reap rewards for all of these activities. The richness and complexity of an online experience, like the richness and complexity of a city, is created by the people who live there as they engage with the place and each other. • Learning From The SimsBy J.C. Herz in The StandardIssue Date: Mar 26 2001 Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  44. Learning From The Sims • "The second lesson is that online businesses don't just exist, like buildings, in space. They exist, like cities, in human context over time. The best ones are designed to grow more interconnected, not just bigger, as the population evolves. They're always messy. They're never finished. They harbor an almost palpable sense of around-the-clock activity and a sense of place that owes as much to collective experience as to snazzy signage. When you open your window, there's a there there." comments on sim city • Learning From The SimsBy J.C. Herz in The StandardIssue Date: Mar 26 2001 Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  45. End of PVS section Optional I-Mode section follows 11/27/101 Henry Minsky

  46. How Did NTT DoCoMo Succeed? • "Yes, it's chicken-and-egg. What you need is a big enough chicken." Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  47. Henry’s Theory of i-mode • Everyone loves to discuss this, so I'll do it too: • Low penetration of home PC’s and networked machines at work, thus i-mode is the best email option. Culturally I think people here are discouraged from web-surfing and making personal phone calls at work. • Good content (what? train schedules?) • Actually not so good, but compared to what the WAP vendors did, it was sensational • People in Japan accustomed to paying for things, not accustomed to flat rate (phone) services, or free internet • NTT sits all over phone service, making it more expensive to call next door than to call across the planet • The train ride! 20% of free time spent on train. • Even carrying a "laptop" in Japan is not practical. Ultra lite notebooks abound, PDAs somewhat popular. • USA: 'Mobile' means you can put it on the car seat next to you when you drive • Japan: 'mobile' means put it in your shirt pocket while you walk or are crammed on a rush hour train • Excellent Marketing! Great ads, coordinated campaigns. • The handsets are marketed as *cool*. They are cool. • DEVELOPERS: Low barrier to entry, cHTML, just like the real web Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  48. NTT paid attention to user experience and developers • Magnet content authored by experts • Core set of attractive services to build a community around • Worked with handset manufacturers • Support for integrated email/browser/address-book in handsets • Strict quality control over “captive” sites, while allowing external sites to be accessible • cHTML, GIF, low barrier to entry for developers • It’s an online community... Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  49. What about voice? • DoCoMo voice audio quality is noticeably worse than others • They make up for it with marketing, as far as I can tell. • Or rather, non-marketing (they never mention voice quality) Henry Minsky 11/27/101

  50. Potential Barriers $$ landlines Sexy Handsets Automobile/Home Culture Unified Marketing Misleading Hype No Expectations Marketing Confusion Magnet Content Pay by minute cHTML No Content Pay by packet Crappy Handsets 2 hour train ride Pedestrian/Out-of-house culture WML i-mode WAP Henry Minsky 11/27/101

More Related