Unit # 1 Personal Safety and Injury Prevention

1. Unit # 1Personal Safety and Injury Prevention

2. Unit #1 Title Page Application /5 Unit # 1 Relationships Your full name Today’s date Mr. Bates Communication /5 Minimum of 3 pics Relevant pics Colour (min. 5) Spelling Neatness/Full page/Professional

3. Unit #1 Title Page Topics: Myths and Facts about Relationships Choosing your Friends and Relationships Rights and Responsibilities of a Friendship/Relationship Active Listening Skills Types of Violence Roles People Play in Potentially Violent Situations Contributors of Violence What is Conflict Communication Styles Images of Violence/Violence in the Media Rights and Responsibilities When Ending a Friendship/Relationship Getting Out of an Abusive Relationship Community/Social Supports for Violence 14. Strategies to Prevent Violence in the School and Community

4. Class Guidelines Respect others (ie no laughing at questions, listen) No name rule (i.e. When giving an example, don’t use names) Participate (i.e. Try to be an active participant during discussions. All opinions are valuable)

5. M Relationships: Fact or Myth F M F M M F F

6. F Relationships: Fact or Myth M M

7. It is important to remember that in a friendship/relationship, you have certain rights but you also have responsibilities for your actions. Complete the following chart by outlining some of the rights and responsibilities involved in being in a friendship/relationship. Complete the chart by filling in at least 4 rights and 4 responsibilities. An example: I have the right to state my opinion. I have the responsibility to respect the opinions of others. Rights and Responsibilities in a Friendship/Relationship

8. Rights and Responsibilities in a Friendship/Relationship

9. Rights and Responsibilities in a Friendship/Relationship

10. Active Listening Skills When people are trying to be supportive, they often tell you they know how you feel. How does it make you feel when you are telling someone something important and they say, “Oh, I know exactly how you feel. I’ve had that happen to me.”

11. Active Listening Skills What is an “Active Listener?” An active listener is someone who genuinely shows interest in what you are saying. You can demonstrate your active listening skills by doing the following when someone is talking to you: 1. Body Language: face the person make eye contact ignore distractions make appropriate facial expressions

12. Active Listening Skills 2. Clarifying: Get additional information to make sure you understand what is being said. Check your understanding by asking questions. Eg. “How did you feel about...” “What did you think about...” “Tell me what happened next.”

13. Active Listening Skills 3. Summarizing: check your understanding of the situation by restating what was said, in your own words. summarize what has been said by saying something like: “So what you are saying is that...”

14. Active Listening Skills Activity An active listener is someone who genuinely shows interest in what you are saying. Use the following check list to assess active listening skills.

15. Violence Violence: Any mean word, look, sign, or act that hurts a person’s body, feelings or things. (Remboldt, 1994) There are five types of violence: Psychological/Emotional Physical Financial Sexual Bullying

16. 1. Psychological/Emotional Direct: Verbal and/or emotional threats or abuse directed towards another Can include intimidation and harassment Controlling behaviour in a relationship Indirect: Excluding someone from a group Rumour spreading Cyber harassment/bullying

17. 2. Physical Threatened or actual use of force to injure or hurt another.

18. 3. Financial extortion (blackmail) - threat of violence so that an individual has to pay to avoid violence or unpleasant consequences. continuously borrowing money where the lender doesn’t feel like he/she has a choice.

19. 4. Sexual Unwanted sexual touching Harassment Rape Date Rape Incest

20. 5. Bullying Repeated and intentional attacks on others that can be perpetrated by individuals or groups The perpetrator often has more power than the target Bullying can take the form of psychological abuse, physical abuse, financial abuse or sexual abuse.

21. Types of Violence Activity

22. Types of Violence Activity 1 4 3 5 2 1 2 5 4 3

23. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations 1. Perpetrator Person or persons acting in a violent or aggressive way.

24. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations 2. Victim Person being targeted by perpetrator(s) in that particular situation

25. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations Apathetic Bystander People who watch the events unfolding and do not intervene. The presence of bystanders can increase the intensity of the violence because it creates an audience effect. Examples: 1) People who look the other way when someone is yelling at their girlfriend 2) A group of students gathering around a fight that is taking place

26. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations Instigator Someone who helps to start a conflict, or encourages a peer to be violent, but many not be directly involved in the conflict themselves. Examples: Someone who spreads rumours or encourages someone to pick a fight with another person

27. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations Defender of Victim Someone who tries to stand up for someone being bullied, harassed or targeted by someone else This can include direct defending (such as telling the bully to stop) or indirect defending (such as inviting a targeted victim to join a different group)

28. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations Help Seeker Someone who tries to get help from an adult or other peers. Examples: A student who tells a teacher that a fight is going to happen after school A student talking to a guidance counsellor because he or she is worried that a friend is being abused by a dating partner

29. Roles People Can Play in Potentially Violent Situations Mediator / Peace Maker Someone who tries to help problem solve a conflict or situation, typically before it becomes violent. Example: Two students who are usually friends have got into an argument and rumours are starting that there is going to be a fight. A third friend talks to both of the friends separately and finds out what each is most upset about, and then helps the two friends talk things out in a calm manner.

30. Media Impact on Violence Assignment Choose a form of media that demonstrates a type of violence other than physical violence. You may use videos, CD’s, magazines, or examples of literature. ** You may NOT use examples that would be considered inappropriate. Please check with your teacher if you are unsure as to whether your example is appropriate.** 1. Identify the form of media you chose. (ie. Movie, magazine) /1 2. What is the title of the example you chose? /1 3. Identify all types of violence that occur in your example. Provide the name of the type of violence and describe the proof from your media source. /2 What are the negative effects of the violence on the victim? /2 What are the negative effects of the violence on others? /2

31. Power Imbalances Discussion Questions: What is power? Is power good or bad? 3. How might one of the above individuals abuse their position of power? 4. What impact would this have on the less powerful individual/group?

32. What is Conflict What is the difference between conflict and violence? Identify situations that trigger conflicts between a teenager and their parents. Identify situations that trigger conflicts between friends. Do males and females handle conflicts differently? If so, how? Why do they handle conflicts differently? Identify positive methods of handling conflict. Identify situations that trigger conflicts between dating partners.

33. What is Conflict - Answers What is the difference between conflict and violence? Conflict - is a struggle or disagreement about ideas, facts, values, opinions, etc. Violence - is any mean word, look, sign or act that hurt a person’s body, feelings or things.

34. What is Conflict - Answers 2. Identify situations that trigger conflicts between a teenager and their parents. Curfews, trust issues, not being able to do what you want

35. What is Conflict - Answers 3. Identify situations that trigger conflicts between friends. Not feeling accepted Where to go/what to do for social activities. 4. Do males and females handle conflicts differently? If so, how? Why do they handle conflicts differently? Yes. Males are more likely to deal with conflict using physical violence, while females are more likely to deal with conflict using psychological violence.

36. What is Conflict - Answers 5. Identify positive methods of handling conflict. Allow time - allow time to calm and think about the situation....take a deep breath Acknowledge that there is a problem - discuss the problem with the person by telling them what you don’t like what has happened ...don’t attack the person...deal with the problem in an assertive way Attempt to negotiate - attempt to negotiate so that both people are happy with the outcome. Apologize if you feel that you were in the “wrong.” A sincere apology often brings a conflict to an end.

37. What is Conflict - Answers 6. Identify situations that trigger conflicts between dating partners. Different opinions, beliefs Lying Stealing Inequality

38. Communication Styles Passive Assertive Aggressive

39. Communication Styles Passive Lose-win situation Soft, uncertain voice “I guess, maybe” Nervous, uncertain Doesn’t feel comfortable talking about how s/he feels Does not stand up for what he/she believes in

40. Communication Styles Assertive (The ideal style) Win-win outcomes Calm voice “I” statements Confident Respects other person’s rights Stands up for what s/he believes in, Clearly states what they want and why Uses eye contact

41. Communication Styles Aggressive Win-lose outcomes Loud and explosive voice “You better…” “If you don’t, then look out” Demanding Insensitive (doesn’t care about other people’s feelings) Stands up for what s/he believes in, but does it in a threatening way.

42. Images of Violence Television programs present 8 acts of violence per hour during prime time on major networks The average Canadian child watches 22 hours of television per week The average child in the United States watches 18 000 murders and 100 000 other violent acts on television by the time s/he leaves elementary school By age 18 most people have seen an average of 26 000 murders, mainly committed by men

43. Images of Violence By the time boys reach age 18, they have seen an average of 26 000 murders, mainly committed by men. The video game industry is aimed at boys 7-14 years old; the most popular games are extremely violent, promoting male dominating, racist behaviour as glamorous. Children who watch a lot of violent television act out and tolerate a lot more aggressive behaviour from each other.

44. Images of Violence A study on the internet usage of nearly 6000 Canadian children aged 9-17 years found: More than 25% of 9-10 year olds indicate they go to private and adult-only chat rooms, the rate increases with age to 66% for 15-17 year olds. 15% of all young internet users have received pornographic junk mail; the vast majority did not tell their parents. 24% of youth have received pornography on the internet from someone they met online.

45. Contributors to (causes of) Violence Violence at home/impact on child witnesses Violence in sports and media Desensitization to violence Examples of general inequality (gender, economic, race, health care) Lack of non-violent, pro-social values and skills Imbalance of power in relationships Social tolerance for violence Modelling Cultural values Denial Low self-esteem Insecurity Poor communication skills Poor impulse/anger control Tendency to externalize blame

46. Contributors to (causes of) Violence Violence also continues to be fostered by our society in the following ways: Limited resources for victims/abusers Family/friends excuse violent behaviour

47. Role Play Assignment Your task: Use one of the scenarios provided Decide which role each person will play (eg. Perpetrator, victim, mediator, etc...) Keep in mind that you want to RESOLVE the conflict in a peaceful manner using some of the strategies we have practised in class (ie. Active listening, assertive communication, delay, negotiation or refusal techniques) Develop a role play script that involves all three group members Complete the questions below Practice your role play demonstrating the conflict and the positive outcome

48. Role Play Assignment Questions: 1. What is your conflict about? (i.e. exclusion from a group, difference of opinion, bullying, etc.) 2. What is your role in the role play? (victim, perpetrator, apathetic bystander, etc) Write a script for your role play. Explain how your role play was positively resolved. What skills were used to resolve this?