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Explore how Benito Mussolini's Fascist party gained support, seized control in 1922, and implemented a corporate state in interwar Italy. Learn the reasons behind fascism's anti-Communist stance and its impact on society. Discover the role of Black Shirts in suppressing opposition and shaping Italian politics.
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Fascismis the rule of a people by dictatorial government that is nationalistic and imperialistic, but also anti-Communist.
Why is fascism anti-Communist? • Fascists found allies among business leaders and the wealthy, as well as the lower middle class. • Communists won support among the urban working class.
Italy got the raw end of WWI: treaties had given away promised land, war veterans could not find jobs, and taxes were high - workers frequently went on strike.
Mussolini took advantage of the unrest, gathering a following of war veterans and unhappy Italians.
He called his group the Fascist party and pledged to solve the nation’s problems by strengthening Italy!
Mussolini organized his supporters into black-shirted “combat squads.”
Black Shirts broke up socialist rallies, smashed presses, and attacked any non-Mussolini Italian.
Many Italians accepted the Black Shirts and Mussolini because they had lost faith in their government.
In 1922, the Fascists announced a “march on Rome;” tens of thousands of Fascists swarmed the capital.
Fearing civil war, King Victor Emmanuel II asked Mussolini to become prime minister.
Mussolini promptly brought the economy under state control, but preserved capitalism - he called this a “corporate state.”