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Cloning

Cloning. Types of Cloning. Reproductive cloning : Creating a genetic copy of another organism Therapeutic cloning : Creating stem cells to repair damaged tissue. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. SCNT is the first step in reproductive and therapeutic cloning. SCNT.

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Cloning

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  1. Cloning

  2. Types of Cloning • Reproductive cloning: Creating a genetic copy of another organism • Therapeutic cloning: Creating stem cells to repair damaged tissue

  3. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer • SCNT is the first step in reproductive and therapeutic cloning

  4. SCNT • The resulting diploid egg then divides to produce Totipotent stem cells • These cells make up an embryo; if placed into a surrogate mother, they will develop into a new organism • These cells can also be treated with growth factors so that they develop into new tissue • Ethical issues with therapeutic cloning? *Pluripotent cells can give rise to many type of cell in the body Totipotent cells can give rise to any cell type

  5. Potential for Therapeutic Cloning • Paralysis – replace neurons • Burn patients – skin replacement • Parkinson’s – Replace dopamine neurons • Insulin-deficient diabetes – Replace islet cells

  6. Problems with Cloning • Cloned animals have many health issues • May result from inability to fully “reprogram” the nucleus • Although DNA sequence is the same as parent, genes are expressed differently • Telomere length of chromosomes is also different in cloned animals (may affect life span)

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