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Comprehensive Guide to Roof Framing Styles and Components

This guide explores various roof framing styles, including gable, hip, gambrel, and more. It discusses essential components like ridge boards, common rafters, and valley rafters, along with critical terminology such as overhang, slope, and span. Understanding roof framing is vital for ensuring a structure's durability against weather conditions, while requiring minimal maintenance. This resource provides insights into the architectural design of roofs, their components, and the necessary knowledge for framing a roof effectively.

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Comprehensive Guide to Roof Framing Styles and Components

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  1. Roof Framing Unit 33

  2. Roof Framing • Roof Styles • Gable roof with dormer • Gable • Hip • Gable and Valley • Gambrel • Hip and Valley • Shed or Lean-to • Flat • Mansard • Dutch Hip

  3. Roof Framing • Roofs should…….. • Protect the home in all types of weather • Requires a minimum amount of maintenance • Be strong enough to bear the load of snow and wind • Be anchored to exterior walls

  4. Roof Framing • Architectural Design • Has a great relationship with roof styles

  5. Roof Framing Components • Ridge Board • Horizontal member that connects the upper ends of the rafters • Common Rafter • Extends from the top plate to the ridge board • Valley Rafter • Extends diagonally from the top plate to the ridge board along lines where two roofs intersect

  6. Roof Framing Components • Hip Rafter • Extends diagonally from the corners of the top plate to the ridge board • Hip jack and Valley jack rafters • Never extends the full distance from the top plate to the ridge board

  7. Roof Framing Terminology • Overhang • Also called the tail of the rafter • Slope • Incline of the roof • Pitch • Steepness of the roof • Span • Distance between outside edge of the top plates

  8. Roof Framing Terminology • Unit of Run • Equal to One Foot or 12” • Cut of a roof (Slope) • The rise in inches and the unit of run (12”) • Measuring line • Imaginary line that runs lengthwise from the outside wall to the ridge • Unit Rise • Number of inches the roof rises per foot of run

  9. Roof Framing Terminology • Total Run • Half the distance of the span • Total Rise • Vertical distance from the top of the top plate to the upper end of the measuring line • Plumb line • Line that runs vertical to a rafter • Level line • Line that runs level with a rafter

  10. Roof Framing General Knowledge • Joists support the floor like rafters support the roof • Carpenter should have a roof frame plan to know what kind of rafters are needed to frame the roof • Exact number of rafters can be determined from the scale drawing

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