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Digital Broadcasting Part II

Digital Broadcasting Part II. Presentation to the GRSC-1 Ottawa, April 30, 2003 François Conway, Ing. Senior Director, Strategy & Planning, Technology Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC-Radio-Canada). DTV In Canada.

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Digital Broadcasting Part II

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  1. Digital BroadcastingPart II Presentation to the GRSC-1 Ottawa, April 30, 2003 François Conway, Ing. Senior Director, Strategy & Planning, Technology Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC-Radio-Canada) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  2. DTV In Canada • On Nov 8th 1997 Canada officially adopted the ATSC Digital Television standard • This standard is in used in the US, south Korea, Taiwan and Argentina • This standard is spectrally compatible with existing north American analog TV and is a natural choice for NTSC countries • It uses the same 6MHz channel plan • The channel coding is optimized to minimize mutual analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog co-channel interference GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  3. ATSC • ATSC is a mother standard that make use of other standards: • Dolby AC-3 Audio compression (Proprietary standard used under license called ATSC A53) • MPEG Video compression (ITU H222) • MPEG Transport stream (ETSI TR 101 890) • Program Service and Information Protocol PSIP (ATSC A 65) • Dase Data Applications Software Environment (ATSC A100) • Uses Java (JVM) and HTML Standards • Data Broadcast standard (atsc A 90) uses TCP-IP and MPEG )ETSI TR 101 890) Standards. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  4. ATSC RF standard A53 GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  5. ATSC RF Signal GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  6. ATSC Transport Stream • The net payload available for transport in the ATSC standard is 19.29 MB/s • As this system uses MPEG transport stream system the Data pipe management: • Is flexible in the number of services offered (4096 on a single block PMT) • Is limited to a fixed packet structure of 188 Bytes ( IP traffic can be transported but have to be encapsulated in fixed length packets) • Allows service association ( ex audio PID associated with a Data packet that carries the artist information) • Allows System management data to be carried in private data packets (ex: Navigation info) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  7. ATSC Transport Stream GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  8. ATSC Multiplex configuration • Scenarios for the division of a ATSC multiplex • The ATSC standard being very flexible it allows the user to divide the multiplex in various manner depending on the business model of the broadcasters: • The multiplex can be dynamically reconfigured during the broadcast day: • In the daytime the broadcaster may elect to carry several standard definition television signals • In the evening primetime period the broadcaster may elect to carry a single event in High definition (ex :hockey, Film) • In the Nighttime the broadcaster may choose to carry a multitude of little Data services that will be cached in the user receiver waiting to be used in the daytime when the trigger code will be released. (store forward technology) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  9. One High Definition Service Total Payload 19.39 MB/s GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  10. One Enhanced Definition Service (720P) + on Standard definition service Total Payload 19.39 MB/s GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  11. 4 Standard definition Service Total Payload 19.39 MB/s GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  12. A Mixture of TV and Audio Only Or Data Services 55 Radio stations GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  13. Example of Store Forward • The newscasters are preparing a special on Weapons of mass destruction, to supplement its program content the new media group prepared some 30 HTML pages outlining each potential weapon. • During the night before the presentation of the show the 30 HTML pages are sent in advanced to the viewers interactive DASE enabled TV sets. • In the morning, during the newscast, as the program hits the Weapon of mass destruction subject a message appears on the viewers screens hinting them to press the info key to know more about weapons of mass destruction. • The viewers has access to the index page of the subject, The viewer probably wont realize that the HTML pages is reading were already stored in his TV set and believe we sent this just for him… • This little example bridges ATSC, MPEG, IP, HTML and local storage technologies together to create a virtually interactive TV program GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  14. Example of Store forward Scheduling system Web Server And DASE encapsulator GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  15. DTV from South of the Border • Stations on Air in border towns: • Buffalo, NYWGRZ-TV33,WIVB-TV39 (covering Toronto) • Seattle-Tacoma, WAKSTW36, KTWB-TV25, KCTS-TV41KING-TV48, KIRO-TV39, KCPQ18, KONG-TV31,KOMO-TV38 (covering Vancouver) • Detroit, MIWKBD-TV14,WTVS43,WDIV45,WADL39,WJBK58WXYZ-TV41,WWJ-TV44 (covering Windsor) • Plattsburgh, NY Burlington VT (licenses granted by FCC) WCFE 38 WCAX 53 WPTZ 14 WETK 32 WFFF 43 (Covering Montreal) • Butte-Bozeman, MTKTVM2 (Covering Medicine Hat, Alberta) • In the Continental US : as October 25th 2002 there is 518 stations on the air in 153 markets, covering 98% of US homes GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  16. HDTV Programming Accessible to Canadians • HDTV Programming available via DTH Satellite: • ExpressVu: 2 Movies channels (TMN) + 1 Sports channel • Starchoice: 2 Movie channels (TMN) + PBS, NBC, CBS, ABC • HDTV Programming available via Digital Cable: • Rogers: • Networks: CBS, ABC, FOX, PBS, NBC • Films: TMN (HBO Contents) , Viewer choice GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  17. Status of Receivers • HD Capable display devices sold in Canada 500,000 (CAMC) • TV set manufacturer have the obligation to include an over the air tuner in their sets as follows: (source FCC) • Receivers with screen sizes 36 inches and above -- 50% of a responsible party’s units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2004; 100% of such units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2005. • Receivers with screen sizes 25 to 35 inches -- 50% of a responsible party’s units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2005; 100% of such units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2006. • Receivers with screen sizes 13 to 24 inches -- 100% of all such units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2007. • TV Interface Devices VCRs and DVD players/recorders, etc. that receive broadcast television signals -- 100% of all such units must include DTV tuners effective July 1, 2007. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  18. Status of Receivers • PC Cards on the market can receive analog NTSC and DTV ATSC, including HDTV; • Large penetration of analog TVs with S-Video and components (Y, Pb, Pr) inputs and displays of over 700 lines of resolution, on which we can actually see a difference between NTSC and D-SDTV, and even between D-SDTV and D-HDTV; GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  19. DTV Deployment Strategy Production Up-Conversion GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  20. DTV Deployment Strategy Production HD Production GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  21. Deployment Strategy Transmission • Traditional deployment using one transmitter per network: • The main avenues CBC can take to offer terrestrial DTV service in major centers • This approach permits the broadcast of a full high definition programme for ETV and FTV • Progressive deployment using a common transmitter for both ETV and FTV during the transition phase and migrate to a single service per transmitter as resources permits: • During that period standard definition service can be available simultaneously for ETV and FTV. High definition service is available only when the second service is off. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  22. DTV Deployment Scenarios • These possible DTV deployment scenarios for the CBC will have to be adjusted to accommodate: • The obligations created to the broadcasters by the Canadian DTV implementation framework • In and out of border competition & CBC’s market share protection strategy • The availability of funding • The availability of project implementation resources GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  23. DTV Deployment Phases • Phase 1 - Network Heads: • Toronto & Montreal + Vancouver (one transmitter per language). This Phase would cover 38 % of English Canadians and 41% of French Canadians • Transmission Capital Costs: • Toronto English • Toronto French • Montreal French, • Montreal English • Vancouver English • Québec French. • Phase 1A - Ottawa • English, • French GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  24. DTV Deployment Phases • Phase 2 - major centers (provincial capitals & other major markets): • St-John’s, Halifax, Fredericton, Quebec (or in Phase 1), Ottawa (or in Phase 1A), London, Kitchener, Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon, Calgary, Edmonton. • This phase would permit ETV coverage to 65 % of Canadians (EMT) • This phase would permit FTV coverage to 68 % of Canadians FMT) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  25. DTV Deployment Phases • Phase 3 - market where population > 90,000 or have a CBC production center • A Total of 44 Transmitters • This phase would permit English network coverage to 90 % of English Speaking Canadians • This phase would permit French network coverage to 90 % of French Speaking Canadians • Phase 4 - smaller markets • A Total of 663 Transmitters • Covering about 98 % of all Canadians in both languages GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  26. The Radiofrequency Spectrum • “Spectrum” means the radio-frequency spectrum (RF) (i.e. electromagnetic wave) used to tele-transport electronic signals such as radio, television programs & data associated signals, via terrestrial and satellite systems, using transmitters and receivers. • Broadcasters makes extensive usage of the spectrum and it is very critical to their business. • The radiofrequency spectrum is a public resource which, like land, is allocated to certain usage and assigned to a certain user. • Industry Canada, the FCC and NTIA in the USA, and the Comision Federal de Telecomunicaciones (CFT) in Mexico, regulate the spectrum allocations, sharing, planning and frequency assignments in their respective countries. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  27. Extract from the Industry Canada Website GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  28. Extract from the NTIA Website GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  29. Some Portions of the RF Spectrum used by Broadcasters Extract from the Industry Canada Website GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  30. Broadcasters ’ Use of Spectrum • Categories of Spectrum Allocations used by Broadcasters: • Broadcasting Service (BS) and Broadcasting Satellite (BSS); • Fixed Service (FS) and Fixed Satellite Service (FSS); • Mobile Service (MS) • Traditional Broadcaster Usage of RF Spectrum: • News gathering (microwave and satellite) --> FSS, FS, MSS, MS; • Contribution and Collection --> FSS communication Satellites • Distribution (Network Centers to Regional/Local/Affiliates Stations & Stations to Transmitters) --> FSS Communication Satellites; • Terrestrial (OTA transmission) and Satellite Delivery (DBS & DTV) --> BS, BSS, FSS GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  31. Broadcasters’ Use of Spectrum • Currently, if we exclude international HF broadcasting, North American Broadcasters use  for the delivery of their content: • 7 frequency allocations for terrestrial broadcasting; • 3 frequency allocations for satellite broadcasting; as well as one FSS allocation for « DTH »  satellite broadcasting; • Totaling approximately 500 MHz of terrestrial and 1 GHz of satellite broadcast related spectum (Fully or partially used) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  32. Spectrum Issues for Broadcasters • There have been attacks on broadcast spectrum for the last 15 years. • New technology development enables new applications which require new spectrum. • RF spectrum is already congested in several areas and there is increasing demand for new spectrum. • Frequency bands allocated to broadcasters are a primary target. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  33. Spectrum Issues for Broadcasters • Strong government lobbying with the message that some broadcast spectrum should re-allocated to or shared with these new services. • With new digital technology and IP file transfer technology, there are more efficient ways to use broadcast spectrum and to deliver broadcast content. • Broadcast spectrum remains a valuable and critical asset for broadcasters. It provides national coverage (urban and rural), and independance from distributors. • Broadcast spectrum remains one of the most efficient ways to use spectrum in that it can deliver high bandwidth content in real-time on a one-to millions basis. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  34. ITU’s WRC-2003 Conference Very Limited Broadcast Presence and Proactivity Internationally Statistics from WRC-2000: • Canadian Delegation (Total) : 37 • Broadcasters: 1 & Telesat Canada • USA Delegation (Total): >155 • Broadcasters: (2) & DirecTV • Mexican Delegation (Total): >25 • Broadcasters: (?) • Broadcast Unions: ABU (1 staff), EBU (1 staff), NABA (1 (part-time) via CBC) GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  35. ITU ’s WRC-2003 Conference • The Agenda of WRC-2003 has over 50 Items. • NABA-TC has identified at least 16 agenda items of interest to NABA, as follows: • 1.2 Status of the HF extension bands for shortwave broadcasting and use of SSB; • 1.16 new spectrum for non-GSO MSS Feeder links around 1.4 GHz; • 1.18 new spectrum for FSS in Region 1 around 17.3 - 17.8 GHz; • 1.19 regulations for non-GSO FSS sharing with GSO FSS and GSO BSS; • 1.20 new spectrum for non-GSO MSS below 1 GHz; • 1.21 regulations for terrestrial wireless interactive multimedia applications; • 1.22 regulations for IMT-2000 (i.e. 3G PCS); • 1.23 realignment of HF broadcasting bands around 7 MHz; • 1.25 new spectrum for high-density FSS systems above 17.3 GHz; GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  36. ITU ’s WRC-2003 Conference • 1.27 intra-regional sharing of the 12 GHz BSS bands resulting from the re-planning of the Region 1 and 3 Plan • 1.29 regulations on sharing between non-GSO and GSO systems; • 1.31 new spectrum for MSS in the 1-3 GHz range • 1.34 regulation on sharing with non-GSO BSS (Sound) in the 2630- 2655 MHz band; • 1.35 regulation relating to the protection of the BSS 12 GHz plan; • 7.2 agenda items for WRC-2006 • 8.1 review of frequency bands for HF broadcasting GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  37. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website HF Broadcasting Bands for International Shortwave Broadcasting: Issue: no new or better spectrum, no contiguous spectrum (there is a need around 7 MHz) delayed access to the new bands, no incentive to move to more spectrum efficient transmission (such as SSB or digital), because no advancement of deadline for cessation of DSB). Impacts: no improvement to the service. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  38. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website VHF-TV Bands: Issue: possible re-allocation of portions of the band or sharing of it after the DTV transition; possible sharing with non-GSO MSS systems. Impacts: less flexibility to implement DTV and more interference to both analog and digital television potentially resulting in loss of audience and revenues, as well as higher capital costs for terrestrial DTV transmitters. Disadvantaging terrestrial OTA DTV vis-a-vis other systems which can deliver digital television signals. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  39. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website UHF-TV Bands: Issue: possible re-allocation of portions of the band or sharing of it after the DTV transition; possible sharing with non-GSO MSS systems. Impacts: less flexibility to implement DTV and more interference to both analog and digital television, potentially resulting into loss of audience and revenues, as well as higher capital costs for terrestrial DTV transmitters. Disadvantaging terrestrial OTA DTV vis-a-vis other systems which can deliver digital television signals. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  40. Why protect the VHF & UHF-TV Bands Extract from the Industry Canada Website 40% to 50% of the CBC TV audience in Canada comes OTA delivery using these bands; CBC English TV & French TV OTA transmitter networks covers 98% of the Canadian population of their respective mother tongue, using VHF & UHF-TV transmitter networks; OTA receivers penetration is 99%; cable is 75%; other distributors are less than 10 %; Free reception is important for a national public broadcaster funded by the government or the public; With the exception of DTH via BSS, no other broadcast delivery systems has the capacity to deliver true HDTV for all the existing analog TV licences to 99% of the population. DTH will never reach 99% penetration; OTA DTV will enable revenue generation datacasting opportunities & multimedia interactive services. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  41. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website L-Band for Digital Radio Broadcasting (DRB): Issue: possible sharing of the band with non-GSO MSS systems & their feeder links. Impacts: less flexibility to implement DRB and potentially more interference to DRB receivers resulting into loss of audience and revenues, as well as higher capital costs for terrestrial DRB transmitters. Disadvantaging DRB vis-a-vis other systems which could deliver terrestrial multimedia services to portable and mobile receivers. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  42. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website S-Band for DARS (SiriusRadio & XM Radio): Issue: possible sharing of the band with non-GSO MSS services Impacts: potentially more interference to DARS receivers resulting in loss of audience and revenues, as well as higher capital costs for terrestrial DARS re-transmitters. Disadvantaging DARS vis-a-vis other systems which could deliver digital audio services to portable and mobile receivers. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  43. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website S-Band for MMDS (used for BSS (Sound) in other Regions: Issue: possible sharing of the band with non GSO MSS services Impacts: potentially more interference to MMDS receivers resulting into loss of audience and revenues, as well as higher capital costs for terrestrial MMDS systems. Disadvantaging DARS vis-a-vis other systems which could deliver digital audio services to portable and mobile receivers. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  44. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website Ku-Band FSS (11.7 to 12.2 GHz) used by Broadcasters for primary distribution, collection, as well as by some DTH providers: Issue: possible sharing of the band with non-GSO FSS systems, and interference from Region 1 and 3 BSS systems; Impacts: Increased interference to FSS and DTH receivers, potentially requiring different transmit and receive dishes. Potential increased costs to the satellite operators, and broadcasters, as well as loss of audience. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  45. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website Ku-Band BSS (12.2 to 12.7 GHz) used by DirecTV, Bell ExpressVu & Echostar Issue: possible sharing of the band with non-GSO FSS systems, and interference from Region 1 & 3 BSS systems, as well as sharing with terrestrial FS systems (i.e. Northpoint) Impacts: Increased interference to BSS receivers. Potential lost of subscribers, and resulting loss of audience and revenues for broadcasters. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  46. Frequency Bands Potentially Under Attack Extract from the Industry Canada Website Ku-Band BSS (17.3 to 17.8 GHz) currently unused but planned to be used by DirecTV: Issue: possible sharing of the band with non-GSO FSS systems, as well as sharing with high-density FSS systems. Impacts: Increased interference to BSS receivers. Potentially reducing the number of subscribers, and resulting in loss of audience and revenues for broadcasters. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  47. The Challenge • Need to preserve and protect existing broadcast spectrum for traditional broadcast delivery, as well as for satellite delivery, in particular for Digital Radio and Digital Television. • Other radiocommunications services will be able to deliver what could be considered traditional broadcast content/services (unregulated or less regulated): FSS/DTH, IMT-2000, NGSO FSS High Bandwidth links to the home. • Convergence and new service definition (TWIM) will cause competition & fragmentation. They will also provide more alternatives for delivery where broadcasters do not have to invest in infrastructure, and RX terminals are made & deployed for other applications. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  48. The Challenge • Will force strategic re-direction for traditional broadcasters to: • Content Producers only or; • Content Producers & Service Packagers, i.e. Broadcast Networks and Specialty Services, without a distribution system or: • Continue to be both a Content Producer/Packager and Distributors. • There is a need to develop a spectrum strategy for Broadcasters which takes into account both the needs of traditional broadcasting as well as those of new methods and business models for delivering broadcasting content. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

  49. DRB prepared by Francois O Gauthier, ing. • DTV prepared by Guy Bouchard • Approved by Anthony Caruso, ing. • Edited & Integrated by Francois Conway, ing. GRSC-1, Ottawa, April 30, 2003 - Digital Broadcasting Francois Conway, ing., CBC-Radio-Canada

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