Helsinki University of Technology (HUT-600) Auditorium Project

1. Helsinki University of Technology (HUT-600) Auditorium Project A case study in the application of: Industry Foundation Classes & 3D/4D Models Calvin Kam and Martin Fischer CIFE Summer Program 2001, Stanford University

2. Project Highlights • The new auditorium complex is an addition to the main building (1969) designed by renowned architect Alvar Aalto • This research focuses on exchanging IFC product model data and on leveraging 3D models for visualization and 4D modeling • Efficient model and data sharing allows the project team to study more design alternatives, complete thorough analyses of life cycle costs and environmental impacts, produce virtual reality models for group decision making, and improve the construction sequence through 4D visualization

3. Why HUT-600 for research/pilot? • The project stakeholders are also key participants in research and development sponsored by the Finnish government • The scale of the program is appropriate for experimental pilot work given a tight design and construction schedule • The complexity of the program offers challenges and requires in-depth alternative studies • The dynamics of the end user group (faculty, university facility managers, students, etc.) demand the best visualization tools to expedite client briefing and catalyze exchange of ideas

4. National Technology Agency in Finland • Motivated by NIST’s study of 700 projects in the US that shows: • greater use of IT correlates with better project performance • both owners and contractors realise meaningful benefits • pronounced IT learning curve, but benefits outweigh risks • beneficial schedule compression • overall project cost savings ~ 1 % • construction cost savings ~ 4 % • Information Networking in the Construction Process International Alliance for Interoperability • 6-year research & development program under TEKES • total budget of USD $43 Million • of which USD $ 20 Million from TEKES • 80% for industrial R&D projects • 20% for public projects • Industry Foundation Class (IFC) • bringing information technology to building design, construction, and operation (A/E/C/FM) • industry-wide and continuous sharing of information is the starting point in bringing information technology to building design, construction and operation. • software interoperability: an environment in which computer programs can share and exchange data automatically regardless of the type of software or of where the data may be residing Center for Intergrated Facility Engineering • generate research goals • WDI/CIFE 4D tool in visualization, operation, space and facility management • document research progress • disseminate research findings Motivations for a Construction Pilot • TEKES • VERA • IAI—IFC • CIFE

5. Goals of Construction Pilot • Support owner, users, and designers in early project decision making • Demonstrate benefits of product model approach from client briefing to design to construction to facility management • Prioritize agenda for further R&D related to the application of product models for information management

6. Technologies for Construction Pilot • 3D and 4D visualizations of architectural design alternatives, lighting schemes, and construction schedule • Rapid analyses of several design alternatives for life-cycle costs, comfort, cost, energy, and environmental impact based on the same IFC-based product model • CAVE, project extranet

7. Primary Stakeholders Owner: Senate Properties MEP Designer: Olof Granlund Oy General Contractor: YIT Research Collaborator: CIFE, Stanford University

8. Project Overview Scope of Design: Multipurpose Auditorium, Foyer, Computer Center, Handicap Accessibility Budget: 30 Million Finnish Mark ~$5 Million US Dollars

9. Schedule Oct 2000 Design Started Feb 2001 CAVE Review Apr 2001 Life Cycle Cost, Environmental Analysis Construction Started Jun 2001 Aug 2001 Erection of Structural Steel Oct 2001 Jan 2002 Scheduled for Completion

10. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

11. Information Flow • Granlund has developed BSPro—a middleware tool for exchanging IFC-compliant data • Current version handles building geometry and thermal data Thermal simulation BS CLIENT Architect CAD IFC File ”Thermal view” CFD simulation BS CLIENT Granlund SMOG BS CLIENT BS system design tools BS COM Server for IFC Files Microsoft Visio 2000 Building geometry and space data HVAC CAD BS CLIENT Other tools BS CLIENT

12. BS design database Facilities management Information Flow Integrated BS Design Tools Product data Visualisation & Lighting simulation Virtual reality visualisation (CAVE) Thermal simulation CFD simulation building geometry and space data (IFC) Architect CAD BS Pro link BS system design tool IFC File BS CAD tools 4D Visualization (WDI-CIFE 4D Viz) Production planning (YIT / COVE)

13. Lessons Learned to Date • IFC 1.5.1 supports: • the transfer of building geometry, general material selection, and object names • Limitations with IFC 1.5.1: • It does not support specific material types • The file to represent HVAC design data is very large • Lighting data and its database are not in IFC standard, hence the resulting thermal loads from lighting fixtures cannot be directly updated • Schedule integration is not supported by COVE “We are amazed that this [sharing of product model data in IFC standard] is working in practice” - the project architect

14. Benefits Learned to Date • Sharing IFC product model allows for: • earlier coordination between architects and MEP designers • more accurate cost estimation early project phase • better and earlier construction and procurement planning • faster generation of design alternatives • Various visualization tools (VR, CFD, 4D, etc.) allow for: • better and faster design coordination among different disciplines • more informative briefing and idea exchanges with the user groups

15. Next Steps • Disseminate benefits and lessons learned from HUT project • Far-reaching decisions about project scope and requirements can be made early with accurate information • Full life-cycle analysis for many alternatives available early in design • Find 2nd pilot project

16. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

17. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Direct IFC Exchange Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

18. Industry Foundation Classes • IFC defines a single object-oriented data model shared by all IFC-compliant applications. • IFC is public and open for implementation and use by any member. It is evolving. • In HUT-600 case, IFC 1.5.1 is strong in transferring building geometry, generating object identity, and specifying general material selection Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

19. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

20. 3D Model Quick Time Movie 2D View of 3D Model ArchiCAD Facilities Management Structural Design Construction planning Electrical Design Shared IFC Model & Data Construction Estimating Mechanical Design

21. Architectural Design • the architects used photomontages to illustrate how design alternatives fit into the existing site context Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

22. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

23. Electrical Design • Granlund designers use VIVA for lighting design and selection • VIVA is a database which gathers lighting products by different manufacturers Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

24. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

25. Mechanical Design MagiCAD Progman Oy • MagiCAD is a 3D CAD tool for HVAC design • the selection of HVAC components is linked to the electronic product catalogues from different manufacturers Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

26. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

27. Construction Estimating • COVE (COst and Value Engineering) • YIT’s proprietary cost estimating and production planning system • IFC-compliant • performs ”Design Spell Check”, automatic construction cost estimating Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

28. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

29. Help desk Maintenance Base module Long term planning FM DATABSE Document Energy calculation Consumption Facility Management • Granlund has developed a facility management database that is compliant with its design database • during design, the design team was able to retrieve accurate life cycle maintenance and operating cost data • during this Fall, the team will begin • with the service and management • specification • designers and facility managers • will coordinate to transfer data Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

30. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

31. Lighting Simulation • photorealistic study with Lightscape • lighting simulations and daylighting studies • links to virtual reality CAVE Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

32. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

33. Comfort Simulation • RIUSKA—IFC-compliant simulation tool • imports 3D geometry in IFC format • determines thermal conditions based on site location, building volume, and internal heating/cooling load • suggests cooling/heating requirements and air velocities Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

34. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

35. Energy Simulation • RIUSKA—IFC-compliant simulation tool • estimates heating and cooling energy consumption by HVAC system • accounts for changes in monthly thermal conditions and estimates energy cost Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

36. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

37. Computational Fluid Dynamics • the auditorium has a large volume with high thermal loads • CFX tool by AEA Technology • IFC-compliant by Granlund’s link—BS Pro • simulates temperature stratification and air velocities of a proposed HVAC design based on thermal loads generated by RIUSKA Temperature Velocity

38. Mixed System • The mixed system shoots conditioned air from the ceiling • It has a more conventional and simpler design but heat is trapped along the boundary in the auditorium

39. Displacement System • The displacement system supplies from beneath and cools the occupants more efficiently • It requires an underfloor HVAC distribution system Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

40. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

41. Environmental Analysis • BSLCA—an integrated tool and life cycle database for sustainable design • incorporates building geometry, MEP systems, equipments, and energy consumption throughout the building life cycle • assesses the impacts of emission • from building components • to air and water Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

42. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

43. Life Cycle Cost • life cycle cost analysis tool for building services design, system comparisons, and flexibility studies • it leverages facility management data from previous projects to provide cost comparisons during the design phase Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

44. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

45. Construction Planning • experiment with IFC import of 3D building geometry • the 4D model intetrages the construction schedule from YIT • align 4D view with view from the webcamera • 4D case study in HVAC system with Granlund designers • during this Fall, there will be 4D case studies in space and facility management

46. 4D Simulation 4D Demonstration Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN

47. Visualization Lighting simulation Virtual reality Comfort Simulation Architectural Design Facilities Management Structural Design Shared IFC Model & Data Energy Simulation 4D Simulation Construction planning Electrical Design Construction Estimating Mechanical Design Life Cycle Cost Comp. Fluid Dynamic Environmental Analysis

48. Virtual Reality • 3m x 3m (~10ft x 10ft) CAVE room with 3 rear-projectors and 1 top-projector in the Computer Science • Dept. at Helsinki University of Technology • VR navigation by 3D stereoscopic eyeglass • equipped with a motion sensor • end-users navigate through the auditorium • and MEP systems in the interstitial space

49. Virtual Reality End-users were able to provide valuable inputs during the schematic phase: • location of the first row • view from the back rows and the sloping of the lecture hall • lighting schemes during presentation • aisle locations Click to return to the HUT CircleRETURN