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Trends in Tuberculosis, Tobacco, and Alcohol Use in India: NFHS-3 (2005-06) Insights

The NFHS-3 (2005-06) survey provides critical insights into tuberculosis (TB) prevalence and the associated lifestyles related to tobacco and alcohol use in India. TB awareness, misconceptions, and stigma were examined through household responses. Despite an 18% decline in reported TB since NFHS-2, medically treated cases remain unchanged. The survey highlights the impact of solid fuel usage on TB prevalence, the need for targeted awareness campaigns, and the concerning rates of tobacco use, especially among pregnant women. Alcohol consumption is also noted as a significant risk factor related to morbidity and mortality.

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Trends in Tuberculosis, Tobacco, and Alcohol Use in India: NFHS-3 (2005-06) Insights

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  1. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  2. Tuberculosis • Tobacco and Alcohol use (life styles) • In NFHS-3, information on persons in the household with TB comes from the household respondent • Information on TB awareness, misconceptions, and stigma comes from the women’s and men’s questionnaires • Prevalence of TB, primarily of medically treated (which is a more reliable measure of TB in the population) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  3. Per 100,000 persons Since NFHS-2, reported TB has declined by 18%, but the level of medically treated TB has not changed NFHS-3, 2005-06

  4. Per 100,000 persons Age NFHS-3, 2005-06

  5. Per 100,000 persons NFHS-3, 2005-06

  6. Per 100,000 persons NFHS-3, 2005-06

  7. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  8. Per 100,000 persons NFHS-3, 2005-06

  9. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  10. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  11. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  12. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  13. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  14. NFHS-3 demonstrates that use of solid fuels increases the TB level; the lowest prevalence is in households using clean fuels such as gas/electricity • Misconceptions about TB transmission are still high, suggesting the need for awareness campaigns • Programmes need to address higher prevalence groups such as older persons, persons in rural areas, and persons in the east and northeastern parts of India NFHS-3, 2005-06

  15. Tobacco and alcohol are important risk factors for morbidity and mortality among adults • Studies associate alcohol use with accidents/injuries and violence against women • Tobacco and alcohol use by women, especially during pregnancy, is a matter of concern since it entails serious reproductive risks NFHS-3, 2005-06

  16. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  17. Tobacco use is only 11 percent among women, but nearly 1 in 10 pregnant and breastfeeding women also use tobacco • Among women who smoke, over 9 in 10 smoked at least one cigarette/bidi in the past 24 hours NFHS-3, 2005-06

  18. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  19. More than two-thirds of men in 11 states use tobacco NFHS-3, 2005-06

  20. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  21. Men’s use of any tobacco increases by age (twice as high among adult men than adolescents) Use is higher in the lowest wealth quintile (74%) and in rural areas (61%) About 1 in 10 women use tobacco even during pregnancy and while breastfeeding NFHS-3, 2005-06

  22. 36% of men chew paan masala, gutkha, or other tobacco • 33% of men smoke cigarettes or bidis • Among men and women who smoke, more than 9 in 10 smoked at least one cigarette/bidi in the last 24 hours • Among men who smoke, 61% smoked more than 5 cigarettes/bidis in the past 24 hours NFHS-3, 2005-06

  23. (Percentage) Alcohol use by women is rare. NFHS-3, 2005-06

  24. (Percentage) NFHS-3, 2005-06

  25. NFHS-3, 2005-06

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