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Lincoln's Promise of Freedom: The Emancipation Strategy During the Civil War

Abraham Lincoln's primary goal during the Civil War was to preserve the Union. He famously stated that he would save the Union through any means necessary, including the emancipation of slaves. On January 1, 1863, under the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln declared that all enslaved persons in Confederate territories were free. This strategic move aimed to weaken the Confederacy and garner support from European nations. The bravery of Black soldiers, exemplified by the valiant 54th Massachusetts Regiment, proved crucial to the Union's efforts.

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Lincoln's Promise of Freedom: The Emancipation Strategy During the Civil War

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  1. 17.3 (p.496-499) A Promise of Freedom

  2. “If I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it; and if I could do it by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that.” —Abraham Lincoln, August 22, 1862, quoted in Carl Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln

  3. 1) stated goal was to preserve the Union 2) 4 slave states stayed in the Union; could not lose MD

  4. Jan. 1, 1863: Lincoln’s statement that freed slaves in the Confederacy; to weaken CONF war effort

  5. only slaves in areas UNDER REBELLION were free “I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States, and parts of States, are, and henceforward shall be free…”

  6. favorable; European nations would be more likely to support the UNION

  7. slowing down & stopping work; escaping to Union army camps [DID weaken CONF ability to wage war]

  8. 1) wanted to fight for freedom of slaves 2) wanted to show bravery & courage

  9. all-Black unit: former slaves, runaways, free blacks [movie: “GLORY”] CONF fort (Charleston, SC); white units had failed to take it; 54th MA attacked

  10. showed great courage under fire; great numbers of casualties proved that Black men made excellent & brave soldiers

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