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Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions

Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions. Synthesis Reactions.

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Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions

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  1. Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions

  2. Synthesis Reactions In a synthesis reaction, metals and non metals will form an ionic bond – combining into a new ionic compound. Remember to look at the charges on the cation (metal w/ a positive charge) and anion (non-metal w/ a negative charge) to determine the formula of the product. Example: Sn + Cl2_ SnCl4

  3. Decomposition Reactions Decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of one compound, into two or more compounds. Many compounds decompose in predictable patterns: • Carbonates (containing CO32– ion) produce carbon dioxide and oxide compounds. • Sulfates (SO42–) produce sulfur trioxide and oxide compounds. • Hydroxides (OH–) produce water and oxide compounds. • Chlorates (ClO3–) produce oxygen gas and chloride compounds. • Hydrates (H2O) break up into water and anhydrous compounds. • Binary compounds (just two elements) break down into their elements.

  4. Decomposition Reactions • Carbonates (containing CO32– ion) produce carbon dioxide and oxide compounds. • Sulfates (SO42–) produce sulfur trioxide and oxide compounds. • Hydroxides (OH–) produce water and oxide compounds. • Chlorates (ClO3–) produce oxygen gas and chloride compounds. • Hydrates (H2O) break up into water and anhydrous compounds. • Binary compounds (just two elements) break down into their elements. 1. _____NH3 3. _____H2SO4 8. ____Mg(ClO3)2 ____N2 + _____H2 ____SO3 + _____H2O ____O2 + _____MgCl2

  5. Single Replacement Reactions In a single replacement reaction a metal will replace another atom with a positive charge.  Use your periodic table to determine what charge the "new" metal is most likely to have – for Type II metals, simply assignone of the possible charges. Example: ____Cu + 2 AgNO3 2 Ag + ___Cu(NO3)2

  6. Double Replacement Reactions Double replacement reactions occur when the positive ions of two compounds "switch partners" creating two new compounds. Again, formulas must account for cation/anion charges – Type II metals retain the same charge on the product side. 1. ____BaCl2 + ____Na2CO3 2 BaCO3 + ___ NaCl

  7. Combustion Reactions Combustion reactions always have hydrocarbons (CxHy) or carbohydrates (CxHyOz) combining with pure oxygen (O2).  The products are carbon dioxide and water.  "Incomplete Combustion" results from a lack of available oxygen, and gives carbon monoxide as a product instead of carbon dioxide.  It can't be predicted as a likely reaction based on the reactants. 1. ____CH4 + ____O2 _____CO2 + _____H2O

  8. Identify the most likely reaction type; predict the products; and, balance the following equations. 1. ____Al + ____O2 2. ____BaSO4 + ____MgCl2 3. ____ Zn + ____H2SO4 4. ____CrCl3 6. ____Ca(OH)2 7. ____Cu(ClO3)2

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