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This resource is designed for educators looking to improve their teaching strategies through effective questioning techniques. It highlights the importance of engaging students, assessing their knowledge, and facilitating independent thinking. The document offers various types of questions—elicit, open-ended, explanatory, and reflective—along with their purposes and benefits. It also emphasizes techniques in questioning, such as prompting, clarification, and redirection, providing educators with tools to enhance student learning outcomes. Take home messages encourage thoughtful questioning and active student participation.
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ACTIVE TEACHING SKILLS Liliane Asseraf-Pasin
QUIZ #1 HOW MANY « F’s » DO YOU SEE?
Read… At the front of the door steps, was a basket of flowers filled to the top with a frilled pink ribbon for the family.
You are driving a bus from New York to Montreal with 56 people on board. 16 people got off at White Plains and 1 got on the bus 4 people got off at Saratoga, and 11 people got on the bus 3 people got off at Dorval station and 7 got on the bus… QUIZ #2
Keeps awake Makes info meaningful & relevant Assess where people are @ Builds confidence Facilitate involvement (buy-in process) Promote independent thinking How to express verbally Model how to problem solve Stimulates creative thinking Feedback for instructor Transfer learning to other situations Right Q-moves to higher level thinking (apply & problem-solve) Purpose & Benefits of Oral Questioning
Purpose & Benefits of Oral Questioning WHY DON’T WE USE IT MORE OFTEN? TIME !!
Types of Questions • ? ELICITING Questions: • Convergent Questions • Divergent Questions
Types of Questions • OPEN-ENDED Questions: • What do you think are the reasons for that?
Types of Questions • EXPLANATORY Questions: • What do you mean? • How would that help? • How would you go about it?
Types of Questions • JUSTIFYING Questions: • How do you know? • What makes you say that? • Justify your idea?
Types of Questions • REFLECTIVE Questions: • You say that this technique would not apply? • You feel that this isn’t necessary?
Types of Questions • PROBING Questions: • Is there anything else that may affect the situation? • Could you describe that in more detail?
Types of Questions • YES - NO Questions: • Did you participate in any activities in school? (Rather than: what activities did you participate in while at school?)
Level of Questions • KNOWLEDGE • COMPREHENSION • APPLICATION
Level of Questions • KNOWLEDGE • “What is” type of question
Level of Questions • COMPREHENSION • “Why” type of question
Level of Questions • APPLICATION • “Key operation words”
Summary • KNOWLEDGE • Tests Retention • COMPREHENSION • Tests Understanding • APPLICATION • Tests Performance
Level of Questions • PROBLEM SOLVING • Analysis • Synthesis • Evaluation
Level of Questions • PROBLEM SOLVING • Analysis • Must take things apart • Ask how do they differ? • What can we do for this pt?
Level of Questions • PROBLEM SOLVING • Synthesis • Start putting things back together • Take into account summary of information
Level of Questions • PROBLEM SOLVING • Evaluation • Assess - what do we consider the best treatment? • Make a judgment
Worksheet- Cognitive domain?? • Knowledge? • Comprehension? • Application? or • Problem solving level? • Identify the cognitive level of each of the questions presented in your worksheet.
Worksheet- Affective domain?? • Write two affective questions that you might ask students following these situations • (see worksheet)
TECHNIQUES IN QUESTIONING • PROMPTING • Drawing out the information • JUSTIFICATION • Give reasons to his/her response • Explain your answer, ask Why or How • Ask to site a source…Study/Literature says
TECHNIQUES IN QUESTIONING • CLARIFICATION • Needed when information is incomplete or poorly organized • Try to understand, but without prompting • Same as saying “What did you say?” • REDIRECTION • Ask Laurie a question… Then say “what do you think Sophie?
TECHNIQUES IN QUESTIONING • EXTENTION • Ask “Would you give me some examples?” • Good for more advance learners • You are doing fine, now how would you move on? • PAUSING (Waiting time) • Wait 3 to 5 seconds after your question
TECHNIQUES IN QUESTIONING • PHRASING • “You walk to school or carry your lunch?” • Make it clear & concise, with less data • Ask only one question at a time • Ex: Tell me everything you know about… • REINFORCEMENT • Provide feedback • Opportunity for reward
TAKE HOME MESSAGES • Do not ask more than one question at a time. • It’s better to elicit information from student rather than give a leading clue. • Better to focus your question. • Involve the student in the discussion. • Minimize recall questions (Low level).
TAKE HOME MESSAGES • Strive for open-ended and thoughtful questions, rather than elicit one-word or yes-no answers. • Identify correct answers and help student work through the thought process to correct inaccurate responses. • Give feedback right away. • Make attendance part of the grade.