Chapter 1 Children Parenting and You

1. Chapter 1Children Parenting and You An overview of what’s to come!

2. Chapter LEQ’s LEQ What are the benefits of studying children? What are the ideas of the leading theorists in Child Development? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of observation?

3. UNIT VOCABULARY • Child Development • Developmental Task • Environment • Heredity • Interpret

4. Children Learn What They Live • You will be divided into groups. Each group will be given a line of the poem. Your group should discuss what this line means and give two “real life” examples that demonstrate this phrase. • Some one in your group should be nominated as spokesman for the group and share what your group talked about. You have 5 minutes.

5. Children Learn What They Live If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If children live with hostility, they learn to fight. If children live with ridicule, they learn to be shy.

6. Children Learn What They Live If children live with shame, they learn to feel guilty. If children life with encouragement, they learn to be confident. If children live with tolerance, they learn to be patient.

7. Children Learn What They Live If children live with tolerance, they learn appreciation. If children live with acceptance, they learn to love. If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves.

8. Children Learn What They Live If children live with honesty, they learn truthfulness. If children live with security, they learn to have faith. If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place to live.

10. Childhood is Important Brain Development (five years, development in all areas) Control Body Make Connections (caregiver stimulation and play)

11. Brain Development • The brain is 90% of adult capacity by age 5. • The first 3 years are when the wiring of the brain is developed. • Nutrition and the kinds of stimulation the child’s environment provides determine brain development • If a child does not receive stimulation or proper nutrition, their brain is 20-30 smaller • Use it or lose it (pruning) • Windows of opportunity

12. What are windows of opportunity? • Vision ---within first year • Vocabulary---within the first year • Second language---beginning at 1 year • Motor development (movement)---within first year • Music---beginning at age 3 • Diggo.com/user/Patricia_Martin

13. Play and Development • Children develop through play • They develop in 5 areas • Physical • Social • Emotional • Intellectual (cognitive) • Moral agame2teach.com liv.ac.uk a2zteachersoutlet.com time.com carrieanddanielle.com

14. How much do you know? Jorge’s mother measures his height and that of his brothers. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual (cognitive) Moral Physical Social

15. Try Again!

16. You got it!

17. How much do you know? Kate and Lwanda play together everyday at their preschool. Sometimes they let Tricia join in. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

18. How much do you know? In kindergarten, children learn the letters of the alphabet and numbers from 1-10. This is an example of what t type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

19. How much do you know? When his parents divorced, Rick began to withdraw from other people and to write in his diary every night. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

20. How much do you know? Tran had difficulty riding a bicycle when he was seven, but by his eighth birthday he was able to pedal, steer, and brake. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

21. How much do you know? After John took a block, Ernesto objected, saying “That’s not fair? It’s not your turn.” This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

22. How much do you know? Annie could read by the time she was five, but Evan didn’t start reading until he was six. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

23. How much do you know? Chan seemed to wake up happy every day. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

24. One more try… Though she is only four years old, Amy brushes her teeth after every meal. This is an example of what type of development? Emotional Intellectual Moral Physical Social

25. Is Play Really That Important? • For children, play is essential. • They learn a lot from playing. • Children need to play in order to learn. • All areas of development are enhanced by play. • Let’s think about what children can learn from play.

26. Let’s Play a Game • In small groups, choose an activity or game that you and everyone in your group enjoyed playing as a child. • When you have agreed, write it on the board. If someone already choose your activity/game, you need to pick again. • Come up with at least 2 ways a child develops in each of the areas of development. • Be prepared to share with the class. YOU HAVE 8 MINUNTES!

27. There are 5 characteristics of development… • Development is similar for everyone • Development builds on earlier learning • Development proceeds at an individual rate • Different areas of development are interrelated • Development is continuous throughout life

28. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation? In school, Michael did poorly on test and was seldom able to answer the teacher’s questions. Other children teased him and called him names. As a result, he was shy and had little self confidence. Since he has started wearing glasses, he has been seeing the chalkboard better and doing better in school. He feels better about himself and is now getting along better with other children. Interrelated

29. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation? Josh and Nicole are cousins. Although Josh is tow months older, Nicole began to sit and stand at about the same time as he did. murals-and-ore.com Earlier learning

30. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation? Dana and her family spent the summer visiting relatives in Toronto. Dana helped the parents by watching Michelle and Brian, who were both two year olds. She noticed that both children could run fairly well, stand on one foot, and climb stairs. They both enjoyed playing with sand and like finger painting. wondercliparts.com Similar for everyone

31. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation? Jessica is an active three year old. Lately, she has started choosing her clothes each morning, Her parents are amazed at her eagerness to learn new things---it seems like she never stops wanting to learn. babybirdproductions.com Continuous

32. Which characteristic of development applies to this situation? Luke is helping his younger brother Andy learn the alphabet. Andy seems to be catching on very quickly. Yesterday, he called out some of the letters on a store sign as he and Luke walked down the street. Luke knows that soon Andy will be able to point out a few simple words and not long after that he’ll be reading sentences. All of them

33. Understanding Childhood • Development occurs rapidly in children • Infants are completely dependent • 1 yr olds are starting to do a few things on their own • 2 yr olds want to have more independence • 3-5 yr olds continue to push the limits and test independence • Children need to experience increased independence with age

34. Partner Activity • Brainstorm with your partner: What are the elements for a happy childhood? What can parents do to make childhood more happy for their child? What can caregivers/family members do to make childhood more happy? • Decide who will share your information. • You have 5 minutes

35. How has childhood changed through the years? • Children were not really taken seriously or understood until about the 1930’s. As time has gone on, the role of childhood has been recognized as very different and a very important part of development. • Let’s look at the differences between children in the late 1800’s and the 2000’s.

36. Work 1800’s 2000’s • Begin working a young age • No pay for work • Everyone in family expected to help • Farm work was most common • Education and play were not valued • Start working at 14 (limited hours) • Need work permit • Paid minimum wage • Work restrictions • Limited responsibilities • More options available

37. Play 1800’s 2000’s • Young children have assigned times for play • Electronics • Need for constant movement/action • Toys are much more sophisticated and educational • Not a lot of time to play (not important) • Toys were homemade • Wooden toys for boys • Cloth toys for girls

38. Education 1800’s 2000’s • Required to attend • Divided by grade • Many choices of curriculum • Standardized test • Success and graduation is expected of all • Technology aids in learning • Attendance was not mandatory • One room • Same thing taught every year • Usually associated with church • Most did not get past grade 5

39. Health 1800’s 2000’s • No immunizations • Many illnesses • No medicine • Limited access to doctors (travelled around) • Many children died at an early age • Average life span 40-50 • Required immunizations • Medicines for many illness • Great medical advances • Health care is available to all • People are living longer • Average life span is 83

40. Dress 1800’s • Girls • Long dresses • Aprons • Hats • Long sleeves • Boys • Long pant • Long sleeve shirts • Suspenders • Miniature adults • No washing machines http://pattisoriginals.files.wordpress.com/2007/09/m9424.jpg

41. Parental Love This is one thing that has not changed. Parents have always and continue to want what is best for their children. This has not changed over the ages.

42. Why should we study children? • Children were not really taken seriously until the early 1900’s • They were just small adults • Since that time, children have been studied in a variety of areas like: • Education • Medicine • Nutrition • Psychology

43. Why study children? • Understand them • Why they do things • Stages of development and behavior • Importance of caregivers • Gain skills • Basic care • Personal skills (responsibility, patience…) • Understand yourself • Childhood shapes you and you mature • Build for the future • Careers • Better skills

44. Biggest Influence in Development Heredity Environment sweden.se thrombate.com

45. Greatest Influence on Development • Think about what is the greatest influence on development. Your choices are: heredity environment combination • Divide into groups who made the same choice • Come up with at least 5 reasons that support your choice. Be prepared to share with the class and be sure everyone in your group contributes. You have 8 minutes

46. Theories of Development • There are many people out there who have ideas about how development occurs. • Many of them are followed by teachers and schools, some are not. • You can agree or disagree, but you need to have an understanding of each of these theorists

47. Jean Piaget1896-1980 • Video • First to study children scientifically---important • Studied how children learn • Four stages of thinking shape their views of the world • Memory and repetition are key to development • First published at age 10 qcms.org

48. Maria Montessori1870-1952 • Video • Children learn by using their senses (sensory learning) • Children learn be by pursing their interests • Experiences are more important than words • Classroom are individualized for learning montessorilajolla.com

49. Erik Erikson1902-1994 • Video • Personality develops through stages • 8 stages (trust vs. mistrust) • Psychological crisis met in positive way—move to next stage • Adults need to be sensitive to child’s needs famousquotesandauthors.com

50. B. F. Skinner1904-1990 • Positive reinforcement---repeat • Negative reinforcement---stop • Rewards and punishment influence behaviors • Mouse and cheese experiment 180techtips.com