SteppingUp to STAAR

1. SteppingUp to STAAR The Story of America in Review

2. During the 1500’s, which nation did England consider its biggest rival? • Spain

3. Which English monarch defeated the Spanish Armada, made England the most powerful nation in the world, and began exploration of North America? • Queen Elizabeth

4. culture…fashion…politics…religion…What is Queen Elizabeth’s 40 year reign considered in England’s history? • “The Golden Age”

5. Which settlement in the New World is considered England’s first? • Roanoke

6. Name two reasons Roanoke failed. • natural disaster (hurricane) • poor leadership (John White)

7. Queen Elizabeth died without having married nor birthed a child. Nicknamed the “Virgin Queen,” her death ended the Tudor line. From which foreign land did England obtainits next monarch? • Scotland

8. The uniting of England and Scotland created which “new” nation? • Great Britain

9. In which year did Great Britain found its first successful settlement in the New World? • 1607

10. What name was given to this new acquisition? • Jamestown, Virginia

11. Captain Christopher Newport led the first Englishmen to Jamestown and oversaw the construction of Fort James. Prior to his return to Great Britain, who did he place in charge of the settlement? • John Smith

12. The settlers of Jamestown were obsessed with the possibility that gold layin the muck of the James River. When they neglected their duties at Fort James, what warning uttered by John Smith forced these settlers back to work? • “No work, no eat!”

13. John Smith’s relationship with which Powhatan princess easedthe tensions between the Englishmen andthe natives of Virginia? • Pocahontas

14. The survival of Jamestown was due to what? • tobacco

15. For which three reasons was 1619an important year in the historyof the Jamestown? • the arrival of indentured servants • the arrival of women • the founding of the Virginia House of Burgesses

16. Which “4 G’s” best explain why people desired to migrate to the New World? • glory (adventure) • God (religious freedom) • government (tyranny) • gold (wealth)

17. The idea of representative governmentwas first conceived by the founding of which political organization in Colonial America? • Virginia House of Burgesses

18. If Jamestown was America’s first successful settlement, which was the second? • Plymouth

19. Which religious group settled Plymouth? • Separatists (Pilgrims)

20. Having lived briefly in Holland, the Separatists were led to the New World in 1620 by Elder William Brewster aboard the tiny Mayflower.Which covenant did the Separatists write to guide their living until a new chartercould be obtained from King James I? • Mayflower Compact

21. The Mayflower Compact was significant in that it stated the novel idea that “government derives its power from _____?” • the consent of the governed (the people)

22. The idea of representative government was first suggested in 1215in which English document? • Magna Carta

23. Why is the Magna Carta significant? It was the first attempt at limiting the power of the monarchy.

24. The Separatists’ success in the New World is celebrated by which modern holiday? • Thanksgiving

25. Complete the following analogy:John Rolfe : tobacco :: John Winthrop : ___ • public education

26. By the mid-1700’s, Great Britain proudly claimed how many colonies in the New World? • 13

27. How were the 13 colonies classified, and which colonies were a part of each of the classifications? • New England: CT, MA, NH, and RI • Middle: DE, NJ, NY, and PA • Southern: GA, MD, NC, SC, and VA

28. In what ways did the colonials earn a living? • New England: fishing and ship building • Middle: farming, fur trapping, and forestry • Southern: farming

29. Which famous colonial “invented” Philadelphia? • Benjamin Franklin

30. Name five inventions/creationsof Benjamin Franklin that would radically change colonial living. • fire department • hospital • lending library • police department • post office

31. For what reason did most colonials resentthe British policy of mercantilism? • Colonials wanted to sell their materials and products directly to world markets.

32. Which pattern of colonial tradewith Africa, Europe, and the West Indiesinvolved the direct exchange of rum for slaves? • triangular trade

33. During the mid-1700’s Great Britain became increasingly concerned over the area known as the Ohio River Valley.Which foreign nation’s arrival was the cause of this concern? • France

34. Which Virginia militiaman was sent to the Ohio River Valley to drive the French north? • George Washington

35. To what is the French and Indian War also referred? • Seven Year’s War

36. Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin warned his fellow colonials that the only way to win the war against France was to “join or die!”In which famous document is this sentiment resonated? • Albany Plan of Union

37. Great Britain’s victory over France in the French and Indian War was partially due to the assistance of which Indian nation? • Iroquois

38. What lessons did the British learn from their involvement in the French and Indian War? • the importance of guerilla warfare • Indians can be valuable allies in war.

39. The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763ended the French and Indian War. To honor the promise of George Washington, to prevent future conflict, andto maintain peaceful relations with the Indians west of the Appalachian Mountains,what decree was made by King George III? • Proclamation of 1763

40. The French and Indian Warleft Great Britain in great debt! How did King George III attempt to gethis nation out of debt? • taxing the colonials

41. Sequence the taxes placed upon the colonials by King George III? • Sugar Act; Stamp Act; Townshend Acts

42. Which famous colonial was most affectedby passage of the Stamp Act of 1765? • Benjamin Franklin

43. Passage of the Townshend Acts placed a tax on everyday items purchased by the colonials such as glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea.Name two “violent” effects of this tax. • Boston Massacre (1773) • Boston Tea Party (1775)

44. Who was the first to die at the Boston Massacre? • Crispus Attucks

45. What reason did Boston lawyer John Adams give for defending the British soldierspresent at the Boston Massacre? • “All men are deserving of a fair trial.”

46. Which colonial grievance was most famously spoken by Patriot Patrick Henry? • “Give me liberty or give me death!”

47. Eventually, colonials were forced to take sides in America’s struggle for independence?Which “sides” developed? • Loyalists (Tories) and Patriots (Rebels)

48. Which colonial city became the center of protest and the “heart” of revolution? • Boston

49. What organization founded in partby Patriots Samuel Adams and Paul Revere led violent protests in opposition of British rule and its tyrannical king? • Sons of Liberty

50. Name three ways that the membersof the Sons of Liberty showed their opposition and fought their civil oppression? • burning effigies of King George III • name calling the British Redcoats • tar and feathering British tax agents