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GIS

GIS. Geographical Information Systems. What is GI. Geographical Information Any information that has a spatial element is Geographical. That is any information that can be located on a map. Using GI to solve problems – Cholera Epidemic.

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GIS

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  1. GIS Geographical Information Systems

  2. What is GI Geographical Information Any information that has a spatial element is Geographical. That is any information that can be located on a map.

  3. Using GI to solve problems – Cholera Epidemic

  4. Original map by Dr. John Snow showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854

  5. 1854 London – Cholera (after Dr. John Snow)

  6. Source: ESRI

  7. “…a digital map, data located on the map, and a software application (GIS) that links the two together” Diana Freeman (2004) Slide from: Alan Parkinson

  8. GIS-what makes it so successful? With GIS we can describe an object in two interrelated ways: Information about its location: Where? Attributive information: What it is? Kind: Oak Height: 15m Age: 75 51°N, 112°W Tool for gathering, organizing, analyzing spatial data to produce geographic information

  9. GIS database Spatial (location) data and attributive (describing) data are stored into the GIS relational database Attr. data Kind: Oak Height: 15m Age: 75 Spatialdata 51°N, 112°W

  10. Where is GIS?

  11. Where is GIS? Aviation Telecommunications Nature Conservation Petroleum Agriculture Mining Parks & Recreation Forestry Museum Coastal & Marine Protection Port & Airport Management Health Retail Search & Rescue Economic Development Education Defence National Mapping Insurance Security Government Engineering Tourism Town Planning Banking Facility Management Street Lighting Public Safety Logistics Land Registry Waste Collection Highways Asset Management Landscape Planning Utilities Surveying

  12. GIS is basedon layers ofInformation Properties Census Data Health Statistics Utility Networks Policy Holders Land Ownership Flood Risk Rivers/Canals Locations CCTV Coverage Building Plans Assets Road Network Woodland Geology/Soils Terrain

  13. Identify features within a target area Perform comparative time-based analytics Display features on a map Trigger activities based on location Show which features are related Change location of a feature Create thematic maps Show clusters and hotspots Change the attributesof a feature Perform proximity analysis Analyse where to reallocate resources View locations over a satellite image Answer what-if scenarios Find a route from A to B across a network Find a route from A to B considering impedances Value of GIS - Spatial Analysis

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