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Renewable vehicle fuels

Renewable vehicle fuels. 1. Sweden fully embraces green technologies. 30% final share of bioenergy - reducing emissions even during economic growth. 2. RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS. Source: Swedish Energy Agency, based on data from Statistics Sweden and Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.

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Renewable vehicle fuels

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  1. Renewable vehicle fuels 1 Sweden fully embraces green technologies www.isa.se

  2. 30% final share of bioenergy - reducing emissions even during economic growth 2 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS Source: Swedish Energy Agency, based on data from Statistics Sweden and Swedish Environmental Protection Agency www.isa.se

  3. Ideal place to develop and produce renewable vehicle fuels 3 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS • Access to raw material • Solid refining know-how • Large pulp and paper industry, capabilities in forest chemistry • Strong automotive industry - truck makers Volvo and Scania - car makers Saab and Volvo • Dedicated test environments Timber stocks per capita, cubic meters Source: Swedish Forest Industries Federation, 2008 www.isa.se

  4. A great test market for biofuels 4 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS • Extensive use of renewable fuels in local transport systems • Green cars account for nearly 40 percent of new car sales • Renewable fuels sold at 35 percent of filling stations Green car sales, % of new registrations Hybrid ethanol bus in Stockholm Source: BIL Sweden www.isa.se

  5. Alternative vehicle fuels overview 5 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS Source: Volvo www.isa.se

  6. Alternative vehicle fuels 6 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Biogas is a gaseous fuel consisting mainly of the hydrocarbon methane. It can be extracted from sewage treatment plants, refuse dumps and other sources of biologically degradable material. The fuel can also be produced by biomass gasification. Synthetic diesel is a mix of synthetically produced hydrocarbons made by gasification of biomass. It can be blended into conventional diesel and is compatible with many existing engines. However, it has lower energy efficiency than other synthesis gas products and the current production is limited. DME – dimethyl-ether is the fuel that may offers the best total energy efficiency. It can be produced from both fossil and bio-renewable raw materials and is used in the diesel engine without necessitating any major modifications to the engine.

  7. Alternative vehicle fuels 7 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Methanol/Ethanol are two types of alcohols. Methanol is a product of biomass gasification, while ethanol is produced by fermentation from crops with a high sugar or starch content. They can be blended into gasoline and are available today. Ethanol has about 55% energy content compared to diesel. Methanol can be produced from many sources and be used for a variety of purposes, but it is also toxic and corrosive and has about 45% energy efficiency compared to diesel.  Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be produced from a variety of biological raw materials such as various oily plants. The simplest and quickest way of increasing the use of biodiesel and thus reducing emissions of carbon dioxide, without any modifications to vehicles or engines, is to permit a blend of biodiesel in conventional mineral diesel oil.

  8. Fuel comparison (5=best) 8 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS Source: Volvo, EUCAR, CONCAWE, JRC www.isa.se

  9. Alternative processes 9 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Esterification is a chemical process in which the properties, particularly the stability, of raw vegetable oils are improved. Fermentation is a biological process in which material containing sugar is broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide. For use as a feedstock, cellulose must first be hydrolysed into sugar using enzymes or acids. Gasification means that organic material, such as biomass, is converted into synthetic gas, which is a mixture of hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. The synthetic gas is then used to produce various synthetic fuel components. Anaerobic digestion is a biological process in which organic material is broken down, primarily into methane and carbon dioxide.

  10. Company samples with alternative processes 10 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS Chemrec, SunPine SEKAB NBE Sweden Ageratec, Agroetanol, Scandinavian Biogas Göteborg Energi, Perstorp Oxo, Preem Läckeby, Malmberg www.isa.se

  11. Esterfication – Biodiesel 11 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Perstorp Oxo is producing RME (Rapseed Methyl Ester), for in-blend in diesel, at a yearly capacity of 140 million liters. This is the largest RME-plant in Sweden and one of the most modern in Europe. Ageratec manufacture total solutions for biodiesel production with a capacity of 2 000 to 340 000 liters per day. The company delivers equipment from the processing of raw material all the way to finished biodiesel.

  12. Esterfication – Biodiesel 12 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se SunPine is building a production plant in Piteå to convert crude tall oil (CTO) either to “crude tall diesel” for subsequent hydro processing at a refinery into a renewable diesel component or, via purification, into standard EN14214 biodiesel. The plant will have a capacity of up to 100 million liters of crude tall diesel per year. At Preem Mild Hydro Cracker in Gothenburg the crude diesel will be hydro treated for biodiesel production at the refinery.

  13. Hydrolysis and fermentation – Ethanol 13 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Agroetanol is the only full-scale producer and supplier of cereal-based fuel ethanol in Sweden. The production site outside Norrkoping has a production capacity of 210 million liters of bio-ethanol. Renewable energy is used in processing at the plant which give a favorable energy balance and substantially reduces the emission of fossil carbon dioxide.

  14. Hydrolysis and fermentation – Ethanol 14 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se SEKAB is mainly active in three areas: ethanol, chemical transformation and vehicle fuels. SEKAB supplies bioethanol for a range of uses from Sweden’s only ethanol plant with manufacturing based on raw material from forests. The production of bioethanol is a cooperative venture together with Domsjö Fabriker. NBE Sweden are cooperating with Lund University to optimize the extraction of ethanol on an industrial scale from various raw materials such as wood chips, straw and industrial hemp.The cellulose is converted to sugar through the addition of sulphuric acid under pressure and heat, and is then fermented to produce alcohol, after which it is distilled and purified to automotive quality ethanol. Biogas is made from the by-products of the distillery, and is also purified to fulfill the requirements for automotive fuel.

  15. Gasification – DME and methanol 15 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Chemrec is helping pulp and paper mills transform into bio-refineries with a unique, proprietary black liquor gasification technology. Full implementation of the Chemrec technology in all Swedish pulp mills would yield about 6 million tones of CO2 reduction per year or roughly 10 % of current Swedish CO2 emissions while supplying 25 % of current Swedish automotive fuel consumption. The technology has potential to globally provide a motor fuels equivalent to over 45 billion liters of gasoline per year. The Chemrec gasification concept has been developed in a series of development and demonstration plants.

  16. Gasification – Biogas 16 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Göteborg Energi and Eon will build the worlds largest gasification plant for biofuels. The aim is to turn about 140 MW of biomass into biogas at an efficiency of 70 %, or 800 GWh per year of gas. Most of the remaining energy content will be used in the attached district heating system. The biogas will be distributed to customers via the natural gas grid and used for a variety of applications within power & heat- , chemicals- and transportation fuels production. The final output might include upgraded biogas, synthetic diesel, hydrogen and methanol.

  17. Anaerobic digestion – Biogas (230 plants) 17 RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS www.isa.se Läckeby Water Group offer products and services for water treatment and biogas production. They are established in 70 countries with its head office in Lund.The company offer all stages of treatment, pretreatment, digestion, treatment of residues and upgrading of biogas Malmberg Group is an independent Swedish industrial corporation that designs, installs and maintains water treatment plants, energy systems and biogas solutions for both Swedish and international markets. Scandinavian Biogas is active within biogas production from all organic materials. The company is expanding significantly in a rapidly growing market. Customers are mainly found within waste water treatment, energy, ethanol, and the process environment sector.

  18. The need for alternative energy solutions has increased. Sweden has imposed on itself a far more stricter energy policy than agreed within EU. Sweden are one of the world leaders in bioenergy use and technology. The share of biomass in the total energy production is the world highest. Investment opportunities exists in Swedish plants for new vehicle fuels. Sweden will decrease the oil use in transportation with 40-50 % by 2020. Investment opportunities also exists in new cellulose based technologies for producing ethanol, biodiesel, DME, methanol and biogas. RENEWABLE VEHICLE FUELS Investment opportunities in Swedish plants and technologies www.isa.se

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