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Energy Flow Section 3-2

Energy Flow Section 3-2. Objectives: Trace the flow of energy as it decreases through the trophic levels from producers to the quaternary level. Contrasting autotrophs and heterotrophs Describing the niche of decomposers. Producers:. Definition????

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Energy Flow Section 3-2

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  1. Energy FlowSection 3-2 Objectives: Trace the flow of energy as it decreases through the trophic levels from producers to the quaternary level. Contrasting autotrophs and heterotrophs Describing the niche of decomposers

  2. Producers: • Definition???? • What is the main source of energy for life on Earth? • What about organisms at the bottom of the ocean, where sunlight doesn’t reach? • These organisms rely on energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds (i.e., salts).

  3. Producers, continued… • Producers are also called autotrophs. • “auto” = ? • “troph” = ? • Some producers capture the energy from sunlight through a process called _________________. • Photosynthesis uses light to convert ____________ and _____________ to ____________ and ______________.

  4. Producers, continued… • Photosynthesis • “photo” = ? • “synthesis” = ? • Chemosynthesis • “chemo” = ? • “synthesis” = ?

  5. Photosynthesis vs. Chemosynthesis • Photosynthesis: • 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Carbon dioxide + water yields carbohydrates (glucose) and oxygen, in the presence of sunlight. • Chemosynthesis: • Hydrogen sulfide and oxygen combine to form sulfur compounds, which are then used with carbon dioxide to make carbohydrates. • What do sulfur compounds smell like?

  6. Consumers: • What are they?? • AKA, heterotrophs: • “hetero” = ? • “troph” = • Types of heterotrophs (consumers): • Herbivores • Carnivores • Omnivores • Detritivores • Decomposers

  7. Feeding Relationships • Where does the energy flow begin in an ecosystem? • ANSWER: sunlight or inorganic chemical compounds • Then it flows in one direction, from producers to various levels of consumers (heterotrophs).

  8. Food Chains: • Def: a series of steps by which organisms transfer energy by eating or being eaten. http://ejad.best.vwh.net/java/population/facts_foodchain.html

  9. Food Webs: • Def: a network of complex interactions of all the food chains in an ecosystem.

  10. Trophic Levels • Producers • Primary consumers (herbivores) • Secondary consumers (carnivores which eat herbivores) • Tertiary consumers (carnivores which eat other carnivores) • Apex predators – carnivores which have no predators

  11. Ecological Pyramids

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