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Mineral Resources

Mineral Resources. Can You Dig It?. Definition & Types. Mineral Resources: “Inorganic, naturally occurring, solid, crystalline substances” Different types: Metals (Iron, Lead, Copper, Nickel) Industrial Minerals (Aluminum, Gypsum, Titanium) Gem Minerals (Gold, Silver, Diamond, Emerald)

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Mineral Resources

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  1. Mineral Resources Can You Dig It?

  2. Definition & Types • Mineral Resources: • “Inorganic, naturally occurring, solid, crystalline substances” • Different types: • Metals (Iron, Lead, Copper, Nickel) • Industrial Minerals (Aluminum, Gypsum, Titanium) • Gem Minerals (Gold, Silver, Diamond, Emerald) • Energy minerals (Graphite, Fluorite, Quartz)

  3. Location • Mineral resources are found in: • California (gold) • Kentucky (coal) • Washington (aluminum) • Arizona (copper) • Texas (sulfur)

  4. Benefits • Coal provides about 50% of electricity for U.S. • Aluminum is very light weight, strong, recyclable • Copper has roles to help maintain a healthy body • Sulfur is a key component in gunpowder and matches • Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity

  5. Environmental Consequences • Mining: - “The process or industry of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine” • Subsurface • Room & Pillar Mining • Long-wall Mining • Solution Mining • Surface • Strip • Open-Pit • Solar Evaporation • Contamination from leakage of chemicals • Affects the health of the local population • Causes erosion, formation of sinkholes and loss of biodiversity • Mining can cause contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water

  6. Uses of resources • Gold: • Jewelry, coinage, awards, &dentistry • Sulfur: • Steel, rubber, cement, explosives, adhesives& sulfuric acid • Copper: • Sheathing of ships, heating/air conditioning systems, &wiring • Aluminum: • Baseball bats, golf clubs, pop cans & automobiles • Coal: • Energy in creating heat or electricity

  7. Costs • Equipment: • Rock Breaker- $29,800 • Drill- $1,861 • Tunneler- $2,500,000 • Excavator- $2,000,000 • Underground Diesel Truck-$81,000 • Conveyer-$10,500 • Grader-$200,000 • Loader-$70,000 • Long Wall coal mine- $74,400,000

  8. Applicable legislation • Laws: • Federal Land Policy and Management Act - Prevents undue and unnecessary degradation of fertile lands • Toxic Substance Control Act - Requires regulation of chemicals that present risk to a health or environment • Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act • Regulates coal mining operations and reclamations • Clean Air Act • Sets air quality standards • Safe Drinking Water Act • - Directs standards for quality of drinking water

  9. Extra Facts • There are over 4,000 different types of minerals • Only around 30 of these are commonly found • Sometimes made up of one element (Gold) • Most the time is made of two or more (Aragonite) • A telephone contains about 40 different mineral materials • A television has about 35 minerals and an automobile has about 15 minerals

  10. Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5s9ugeAoDY

  11. literatureCited • http://minerals.usgs.gov/west/factfaq.htm • http://topcultured.com/top-15-most-expensive-minerals -in-the-world/ • http://www.economonitor.com/blog/2010/06/how-much- does-a-mine-cost/ • http://www.lkconsult.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=39 • http://www.nma.org/index.php/federal-environmental-laws-that-govern-u-s-mining

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