Especially attacked young animals Human :

1. Especially attacked young animals Human : COLIBACILLOSIS Cause : E. coli • Infant : Acute gastroenteritis • Adult : Cystitis

2. Animal • Pig • - Gut Oedema : Odema Disease : BowI oedema • - Young pigs cause enteric colibacillosis • Cow • - Secunder Infection Omphalitis, Arthritis, Cystitis, • Mastitis, Pyelonephritis • Avian • - Hjarre’s Disease : Colligranuloma • - Omphalitis, Peritonitis, Salphingtis

3. Fam. Enterobacteriaceae • Live inside the GIT of mamalia - normal flora of intestine • Bad management and bad sanitasi E. coli increase • E. coli : Bacillus coli : Bacterium Coli : Colon Bacillus • Short stick (0,5 - 1,3 micron) gram (-) • Spora (-), capsule (-), motile • Aerob and facultative anaerob ETHIOLOGY

4. Easy grow at every media Ex : blood agar, Beta haemolitik Mac Conkey - wet red coloni EMBA - green methalic coloni with black at the center Fluid media - muddy Sensitive with dry conditing and desinfectan Death at 600 c for 30 mnt Inside ice cube still alive for 6 month

5. E. COLI GROOVE CAUSE OF ENTERISTIS 1. E. Coli Entero Toxigenic (ETEC) 2. E. Coli Entero Pathogenic (EPEC) 3. E. Coli Entero Invasive (EIEC) 4. E. Coli Adhesive and Emerge (AEEC)

6. In Indonesia several cause Less information At a common disease for young animals Young cow → † 25-30% Young horse → † 25% Young pig → † 50% EPIZOOTIOLOGI

7. † Valve of treatment Body weight losses LOSS FINANCIAL

8. Source of infection - Feces - Surrounded - Salphingitas - Matching egg Route of infection - GIT - Milk - Intra uterine infection PATHOGENESIS MECHANISMS OF INFECTION

9. Status imunity of the host Bact. ability to produce toxin Vicious disease depend on • Cow • a. Septicaemia colibacillosis • b. Enteric toxaemia colibacillosis • c. Enteric Colibacillosis

10. Pig : cause 3 types of enteric colibacillosis a. Neonatal enteritis b. Weanling enteritis c. Edema Disease (enterotoxaemia) Sheep (2 type) a. Enteric : proliferation groove E. Coli → enterotoxin out come b. Bacteremic

11. Horse a. Young horse Symptom temp, pulse ↑, weakness + after 24 hour b. ♀ Horse Cause metritis after dystokia CLINICAL SYMPTOM

12. Fading puppy syndrom Symptom weakness, anorexia, + Dog 70% cause of pyometra Dog

13. Young chicken 3 weeks cause of pericarditis Chicken resp. tract with IB virus and ND CHICKEN

14. a. Acute colisepticaemia b. Serositis c. Coligranuloma (Hjarre’s Disease), with spesific tag granulomatous at the intestine wall, liver and pulmo BACTERY DIFFUSE IN BLOOD Cause : Infected : a. Inhalation b. Egg contamination with faeces

15. a. Enteric toxaemia colibaccillosis, collaps, ┼ in 2 - 6 hour, diarrheae (-) b. Septicaemia colibacillosis, acute, death for 1-4 days. c. Enteric colibacillosis, attacks 1-3 weeks, fatty feces, ┼ 3-5 days YOUNG COW 3 types of colibacillosis

16. Septicaemia per acute and enteric chronic Sensitive 1-2 days Per acute, sudent death Chronic, occur arthritis YOUNG SHEEP type :

17. Attack 1 - 3 days ages Sudden death for 24 hours without clinical symtomp Enteric colibacillosis, attacked 8 - 16 weeks Clinical symtomp, depresion, anorexia, 40,50C, diarrhaea YOUNG PIG

18. Enteric toxaemia and septicaemic Colibacillosis non specific Gastritis, enteritis Avian : Pericarditis, peritonitis Chicken : omphalitis PA CHANGES

19. Material specimen Cardiac blood + coagulant Intestine + contents Mesenterials Lien Cerebrospinal fluid Faecal swab DIAGNOSIS

20. Difficult because of the manifestation of the disease similar with other disease Bacteria isolated and identification Isolated Identification: sugar, biochemisty Diagnosis based on clinical diagnosa

21. Salmonellosis Diarrheae because of feed Acute septic of disease DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSA

22. Prevention - Avoid from the the denity - Diarrheae because of feed - Acute septic of disease Administration - The farmer should report rapidly - D/by lab R/ - Oxytetracycline - Streptomycine - Kanamycin DISEASE CONTROL

24. INTRODUCTION • Infectious Disease in animals & human • Caused by Salmonella • Food Borne Disease (eggs, milk and meat products) • Animals  Decrease of production Enteric Disease Abortus and neonatal death • Fowl  High Mortality rate (DOC up to 2 – 3 weeks of age)

25. Etiology • Salmonella  road shape cell, Gram negative, non spore, somatic (O) & flagellar (H) antigens • Salmonella are usually motile except in poultry S. gallinarum & S. pullorum, do not ferment lactose. • Growth optimal in MCA, SSA • The genus Salmonella contains more than 2.400 serotypes, occur worldwide and infect many mammals, birds and reptiles and are mainly excreted in faeces.

26. Epizootiology Salmonellosis is a worldwide zoonosis, besides economic losses to animal production, its zoonotic character makes it an important public health problem. Organism may be present in water, soil, animal feeds,raw meat and in vegetable material. The source of environtmental contamination is faeces In poultry  S. pullorum infect the ovaries, and the organisms can be isolated from eggs.

27. Pathogenesis Although many aspects of the pathogenesis of Salmonellosis are poorly understood, the virulence of Salmonellae relates to their ability to invade host cells, replicate in them and resist both digestion by phagocytes. Peroral  tract. Intestinalis (mucosae of the illeum, caecum and colon) and the messenteric lymph nodes  replicate and LPS product endotoxin  it may be contribute to the local inflammatory response which damages intestinal epithelial cells  diarrhoea  organisms can be excreted through faeces Bacterial cell wall LPS also mediates the endotoxic shock  septicaemic salmonellosis Latent infections, in which Salmonellae are present in the gall bladder but are not excreted.

28. Clinical Symptom • Clinical disease may develop from subclinical and latent infections if affected animals are stessed e.g transportation, overcrowding etc. • Salmonellosis in adult cattle is usually sporadic and is also often associated with stress. • In most animals species, both enteric and septicaemic forms of salmonellosis are recorded. • Enteric salmonellosis : • Acute disease is characterized by fever, depression, anorexia and profuse diarrhoea often containing blood, mucus and epithelial casts. Dehydration and weight loss follow and pregnant animals may abort.

29. Chronic disease : • Can follow acute Salmonellosis in pigs, cattle and horses are characterized by : intermittent fever, soft faeces and gradual weight loss, emaciation. • Septicaemic Salmonellosis : • Clinical disease is sudden with high fever, depression, and die within 48 hours. • Surviving animals can develop persistent diarrhoea, arthritis, meningitis or pneumonia. • Pigs  characteristic bluish discolouration of the ears and snout.

30. Salmonellosis in poultry S. pullorum  Pullorum disease S. gallinarum  Fowl typhoid S. enteritidis in egg dishes may result in human food poisoning PULLORUM DISEASE = Bacillary White Diarrhoae  Infects young chicks and turkey poults up to 2 – 3 weeks age and the mortality rate is high The clinical symptoms are anorexia, depression, whitish faecal pasting around their vents and characteristic lessions include whitish nodes throughout the lungs and focal necrosis of liver and spleen. FOWL TYPHOID  Lession in young chicks and poults similar of Pullorum Disease Characteristic findings bile-stained liver and enlarge spleen.

31. Differentiation of the biotypes of S. pullorum and S. gallinarum : S. pullorum S. gallinarum Glukose (gas) + - Dulcitol - + Maltose - + Ornithine decarboxylase + - Rhamnose + - Motility - -

32. Diagnosis • A history of previous outbreaks of the disease, clinical sign and postmortem picture. • Laboratory confirmation is required Specimens : faeces, blood, intestinal contents, tissue lession and abomasal contents ( aborted foetuses ) - Isolation and identification  specimen should be cultured onto SSA, BGA and also added to Selenite F, Tetrathionate broth for enrichment. - Serrological tests  Rapid Whole Blood Test (RWBT) for Pullorum Test with Polyvalent antigen or ELISA and DNA probes.

33. Treatment • Antibiotic therapy should be based on results of susceptibility testing • Oral antimicrobial therapy should be used judiciously for treating enteric salmonellosis • Fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy is required to counteract dehydration and shock

34. Control • Measures for excluding infection form a herd or flock free of salmonellosis • Measures for reducing environmental contamination

37. Thank You