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The Changing Scientific Information System: Markets, Open Access, and New Forms

SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING & ACADEMIC RESOURCES COALITION An initiative of the Association of Research Libraries. The Changing Scientific Information System: Markets, Open Access, and New Forms Scientific Information for Developing Countries: Meeting the Challenge

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The Changing Scientific Information System: Markets, Open Access, and New Forms

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  1. SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING & ACADEMIC RESOURCES COALITIONAn initiative of the Association of Research Libraries The Changing Scientific Information System: Markets, Open Access, and New Forms Scientific Information for Developing Countries: Meeting the Challenge AAAS CAIP Fall Meeting • Washington, DC • Sept. 22, 2000 Julia C. Blixrud • SPARC Assistant Director, Public Programs

  2. Current Monopoly Marketplace • Robust supply side • Scarce good - inelastic market • Library acquisitions practices • Faculty expectations • Disjunction between creator/user and fiscal agent • Barriers to market entry

  3. Previous Library Strategies in Response to the Market • Journal cancellations & reduced monograph acquisitions. • Improved document delivery models. • Cooperative collection development. • Site licensing of electronic information. • Increased use of consortia to license electronic information

  4. Competition as a Strategy “If 100 institutions would put up [US]$10,000 each to fund 10 start-up electronic journals that would compete head to head with the most expensive scientific and technical journals to which we subscribe, we would have [US]$1 million annually. . . . I don’t see any way around the reality that we have to put the money out in order to make this start to happen.” Ken Frazier, May 1997

  5. SPARC Strategies • Reduce financial risk through subscription pledges and marketing support • Work with prestigious societies and editorial boards • Help raise faculty awareness of issues • Draw authors & editors away from high-priced titles • Help build capacity & scale within not-for-profit sector

  6. The Effect of Competition

  7. SPARC Alternatives Evolutionary Ecology Research • Launched by former editor & editorial board of an established title • One-third the price of the competitor (US$272 per year for Web edition) • Powerful story of scientist empowerment www. evolutionary-ecology.com

  8. SPARC Scientific Communities www.earthscape.org cognet.mit.edu www.BioOne.org escholarship.cdlib.org

  9. New Alternatives, New Partners • Geoscience journal aggregation (Geological Society of America, Columbia University EPIC, SPARC) • EUCLID – mathematics aggregation (Duke University Press and Cornell University Library) • Networked Digital Library for Theses and Dissertations (www.ndltd.org)

  10. Open Archives Initiative (OAi) • Preprint server interests • Santa Fe meeting • Agreement on interoperability • Harvesting protocol Mediator services Metadata harvesting Document models

  11. Creating Change • Shift control of scholarly publication back to scholars • Influence scholarly publishers to abide by friendly pricing policies • Create alternatives to commercial scholarly publications • Foster changes in faculty peer review system www.createchange.org Sponsored by the Association of Research Libraries, Association of College and Research Libraries, and SPARC with support from the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation

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