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Understanding Human Sex Determination & Development: Chromosomal Influences and Genetic Regulators

Explore the intricate process of human sex determination, from chromosomal influences and regulator genes to the development of gonads, external and internal genitalia, and brain structures. Learn about the roles of chromosomes, prenatal hormones, and key genes like SRY and Wnt-4 in shaping phenotypic and gonadal sex. Understand how testosterone and Müllerian Inhibiting Factor drive male differentiation, while Wnt-4 facilitates female development. Delve into the differentiation of male and female reproductive structures, including the testes, ovaries, ducts, and glands. Discover the fascinating interplay between genetic, hormonal, and developmental factors that culminate in the diversity of human sexes.

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Understanding Human Sex Determination & Development: Chromosomal Influences and Genetic Regulators

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Spare slides

  2. Sex Determination in humans Chromosomes Chromosomal sex Regulator Genes Genetic sex Prenatal Hormones Phenotypic sex External & internal genitalia Gonads Genital sex Gonadal sex Brain structures Brain sex

  3. Gonads and internal genitalia SRYgene Development of testes Mullerian Inhibiting Factor & others Testosterone Wollfian duct develops Müllerian Duct degenerates Epididymis Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland

  4. Male Differentiation Testosterone (from testes) Wolffian Duct develops Epididymis Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland

  5. Male Differentiation SRY gene Mullerian Inhibiting Factor & other factors Müllerian Duct degenerates

  6. Wnt-4 Gene • Essential for female development • Prevents production of testosterone • Initiates development of Mullerian duct • Necessary for proper oocyte development • Suppresses Wolffian duct

  7. Female Differentiation No Y, No SRY, No MIF Development of ovaries Wnt-4 Gene Activates Müllerian Duct Fallopian Tubes Uterus Cervix Inner vagina

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