Periodic table

1. Periodic table Tommy Mai Periodic Table

2. Au/Gold • It is the most malleable and ductile metal • Gold is usually alloyed in jewellery to give it more strength • 1 ounce (28 g) of gold can be beaten out to 300 square feet • Two thirds of the world's supply comes from South Africa

3. Fe/Iron • Iron is a relatively abundant element in the universe • The pure metal is not often encountered in commerce • The pure metal is very reactive chemically, and rapidly corrodes • Iron metal is a silvery, lustrous metal which has important magnetic properties.

4. P/Phosphorus • It is an essential component of living systems and is found in nervous tissue • Ordinary phosphorus is a waxy white solid. When pure, it is colorless and transparent • It is insoluble in water, but soluble in carbon disulphide • It catches fire spontaneously in air, burning to P4O10, often misnamed as phosphorus pentoxide

5. Ti/Titanium • Titanium is a lustrous, white metal when pure • Titanium minerals are quite common • Titanium is resistant to dilute sulphuric and hydrochloric acid, most organic acids, damp chlorine gas, and chloride solutions • Titanium metal is considered to be physiologically inert

6. N/Nitrogen • When nitrogen is heated, it combines directly with magnesium • Nitrogen is a Group 15 element • Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere by volume but the atmosphere of Mars contains less than 3% nitrogen • Nitrogen is "fixed" from the atmosphere by bacteria in the roots of certain plants such as clover

7. S/Sulfur • Jupiter's moon Io owes its colors to various forms of sulfur • Sulphur (sulfur) is a pale yellow, odorless, brittle solid, which is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulphide • Sulphur is essential to life • It is insidious in that it quickly deadens the sense of smell

8. Li/Lithium • Lithium is a Group 1 (IA) element containing just a single valence electron (1s22s1). Group 1 elements are called "alkali metals". • Lithium is mixed (alloyed) with aluminium and magnesium for light-weight alloys, and is also used in batteries, some greases, some glasses, and in medicine.

9. Ne/Neon • Neon is a very inert element • Neon forms an unstable hydrate • In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange • Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents

10. Be/Beryllium • Beryllium is a Group 2 (IIA) element • Its chemistry is dominated by its tendency to lose an electron to form Be2+ • As this ion is so small it is highly polarizing, to the extent that its compounds are rather covalent • Beryllium compounds are very toxic

11. Ca/Calcium • Calcium as the element is a grey silvery metal • The metal is rather hard. Calcium is an essential constituent of leaves, bones, teeth, and shells • Calcium is classified chemically as one of the alkaline earth elements (that is, in Group 2 of the periodic table

12. U/Uranium • Uranium is of great interest because of its application to nuclear power and nuclear weapons • Uranium contamination is an emotive environmental problem • It is not particularly rare and is more common than beryllium or tungsten for instance

13. H/Hydrogen • Hydrogen is the lightest element • It is by far the most abundant element in the universe and makes up about 90% of the universe by weight • Hydrogen as water (H2O) is absolutely essential to life and it is present in all organic compounds

14. He/Helium • Helium is one of the so-called noble gases • Helium gas is an unreactive, colorless, and odorless monoatomic gas. Helium is available in pressurized tanks • Helium is used in lighter than air balloons and while heavier than hydrogen, is far safer since helium does not burn

15. B/Boron • Boron is a Group 13 element that has properties which are borderline between metals and non-metals (semimetallic). • It is a semiconductor rather than a metallic conductor. Chemically it is closer to silicon than to aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium.

16. Xe/Xenon • Xenon is a "noble" or "inert" gas present in the atmosphere to a small extent. • Xenon is present in the Martian atmosphere to the extent of about 0.08 ppm • Before 1962, it was generally assumed that xenon and other noble gases were unable to form compounds

17. Kr/Krypton • Krypton is present in the air at about 1 ppm • It is characterized by its brilliant green and orange spectral lines • The spectral lines of krypton are easily produced and some are very sharp • In 1960 it was internationally agreed that the fundamental unit of length, the metre, should be defined as 1 m = 1,650,763.73 wavelengths (in vacuo) of the orange-red line of Kr-33.

18. Na/Sodium • Sodium is a Group 1 element (or IA in older labeling styles) • Group 1 elements are often referred to as the "alkali metals“ • The chemistry of sodium is dominated by the +1 ion Na+ • Sodium salts impart a characteristic orange/yellow colour to flames and orange street lighting is orange because of the presence of sodium in the lamp.

19. K/Potassium • Potassium is a metal and is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 1.5 % by weight of the earth's crust • Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils. • Potassium is never found free in nature, but is obtained by electrolysis of the chloride or hydroxide, much in the same manner as prepared by Davy

20. Ni/Nickel • Nickel is found as a constituent in most meteorites and often serves as one of the criteria for distinguishing a meteorite from other minerals • Iron meteorites, or siderites, may contain iron alloyed with from 5 to nearly 20% nickel • The USA 5-cent coin (whose nickname is "nickel") contains just 25% nickel

21. Ra/Radium • Pure metallic radium is brilliant white when freshly prepared, but blackens on exposure to air, probably due to formation of the nitride • Radium emits α, β, and γ rays and when mixed with beryllium produces neutrons. • Inhalation, injection, or body exposure to radium can cause cancer and other body disorders

22. Fr/Francium • Francium occurs as a result of α disintegration of actinium • Francium is found in uranium minerals, and can be made artificially by bombarding thorium with protons • The longest lived isotope, 223Fr, a daughter of 227Ac, has a half-life of 22 minutes

23. Sr/Strontiumm • Strontium does not occur as the free element. • Strontium is softer than calcium and decomposes water more vigorously • Freshly cut strontium has a silvery appearance, but rapidly turns a yellowish color with the formation of the oxide • The finely divided metal ignites spontaneously in air

24. V/Vanadium • Pure vanadium is a greyish silvery metal, and is soft and ductile. • It has good corrosion resistance to alkalis, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and salt waters • The metal oxidizes readily above 660°C to form V2O5. Industrially, most vanadium produced is used as an additive to improve steels

25. Hg/Mercury • Mercury is the only common metal liquid at ordinary temperatures • Mercury is sometimes called quicksilver • It rarely occurs free in nature and is found mainly in cinnabar ore (HgS) in Spain and Italy • It is a heavy, silvery-white liquid metal • It is a rather poor conductor of heat as compared with other metals but is a fair conductor of electricity

26. Lu/Lutetium • Pure metallic lutetium has been isolated only in recent years and is one of the more difficult to prepare • It can be prepared by the reduction of anhydrous LuCl3 or LuF3 by an alkali or alkaline earth metal. • The metal is silvery white and relatively stable in air