THE INTEGRATION AND USE OF TRIZ WITH OTHER INNOVATION AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS American Creativity Association Houston, TX A

1. INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC. THE INTEGRATION AND USE OF TRIZ WITH OTHER INNOVATION AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS American Creativity Association Houston, TX April 2, 2004 Jack Hipple, Principal Innovation-TRIZ, Inc. Tampa, FL, USA www.innovation-triz.com

2. OR….. How can we more effectively integrate TRIZ into the organizational, social, and problem-solving structure into which it is being placed?

3. BACKGROUND • TRIZ is a powerful “left brained” problem solving tool used to solve product design, engineering design, and organizational problems • Based on patterns of invention in the global patent literature • Brain and software based • Most problems have already been solved if one gets rid of jargon and ego • Bias---idea generation is only necessary if we have a “problem” (how to improve, how to replace, are problems)

4. WHAT WE FREQUENTLY FIND... There is an established process or assessment tool in place with which TRIZ must collaborate or compete • Myers Briggs • Lateral Thinking™ and Six Hats™ • Kirton KAI • CPS/Brainstorming • DFSS/Six Sigma • QFD Lateral Thinking and Six Hats are registered trademarks of APTT and Edward DeBono org.

5. IF WE DON’T CONSIDER THE EXISTING TOOLS AND ENVIRONMENT….. • TRIZ implementation may be delayed • Implementation may be resisted by the organization • Not used to its full effectiveness

6. AGENDA OVERVIEW • Review of TRIZ • Integration with other creativity and assessment tools • CPS, Six Hats, MBTI • Integration with other business and enterprise programs • Lean mfg., QFD, Six Sigma

7. BEFORE WE START….LET’S BRAINSTORM • MACHINE REPLACES MAN • CASE STUDY • A robot was brought to a plant to operate a machine. After it was rigged up and switched on, the elderly worker who had operated the machine for years was amazed at seeing the nimble “iron man” performing all the necessary steps. • A half an hour later, however, the robot came to a standstill, to the bewilderment of the service team of electronic engineers. What happened? As it turned out, some chips had fallen from the workpiece into the moving elements of the machine. This situation where a human worker would simply flip the chips away with a broom and continue working brought the robot to a deadlock. The engineers cleaned the machine with a broom, switched on the robot…only to see the robot stop again. How could this problem be solved? Obviously, one cannot attach a human worker with a broom to the robot…… • Source: TRIZ: The Right Solution at the Right Time, p3, used with permission

8. EXAMPLES AND ILLUSTRATIONS

9. HOW DOES A CENTRIFUGE WORK?

10. INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC. THE BAKER’S VIEW VS. A MECHANICAL ENGINEER’S The Waissenberg Effect When the motion of certain liquids is altered, the liquid achieves a highly plastic state. This state is caused by stress which is normal to the plane of the altered motion. For example, if a rotating shaft emerges from a pool of liquid, the liquid will rise along the shaft. This effect is observed in solutions, in molten polymers, and in gels of low molecular weight. The effect is used to develop extruders that do not use spiral impellers. A characteristic of this effect is that, as the speed of motion increases, the stability of the flow decreases

11. PATTERNS OF INVENTION Processing Sweet Peppers

12. WHAT IS THE “OPERATOR”?(PROBLEM SOLVING PRINCIPLE?) “Slowly raise pressure and suddenly reduce it”, OR even more generally, “store energy and release it” • A path to a solution • An approach to solving a problem • A direction towards an answer

13. PATTERNS OF INVENTION • Removing stems from bell peppers • Removing shells form sunflower seeds • Cleaning filters • Unpacking parts wrapped in protective paper • Splitting diamonds along micro-cracks • (+27 years after pepper patent) • Producing sugar powder from sugar crystals • Explosive depulping

18. CAVIAR EGGS AND BALL BEARINGS

19. THINKING ANALOGICALLY(WITHOUT AN EGO---TOUGH!!) THE WORLD’S PROBLEMS THE WORLD’S SOLUTIONS MY PROBLEM MY SOLUTION

20. JARGON—A BARRIER TO CREATIVE THINKING“DEFALCATION” “The purpose is to reduce/eliminate defalcationwhen criminals use false ID to impersonate real customers” Does anyone know what this word means? What jargon do you use? What does it mean?

21. WHAT BARRIERS WOULD YOU SEE IN IMPLEMENTATION OF TRIZ?

22. HOW WOULD THIS KIND OF THINKING INTERFACE WITH CPS/BRAINSTORMING?

23. CUTTING ACROSS ALL BREAKTHROUGH INVENTIONS AND PATTERNS Systems become more ideal over time through the use of unrecognized or underutilized resources

24. LET’S REVISIT THE NEW MACHINE • MACHINE REPLACES MAN • CASE STUDY • A robot was brought to a plant to operate a machine. After it was rigged up and switched on, the elderly worker who had operated the machine for years was amazed at seeing the nimble “iron man” performing all the necessary steps. • A half an hour later, however, the robot came to a standstill, to the bewilderment of the service team of electronic engineers. What happened? As it turned out, some chips had fallen from the workpiece into the moving elements of the machine. This situation where a human worker would simply flip the chips away with a broom and continue working brought the robot to a deadlock. The engineers cleaned the machine with a broom, switched on the robot…only to see the robot stop again. How could this problem be solved? Obviously, one cannot attach a human worker with a broom to the robot…… • Source: TRIZ: The Right Solution at the Right Time, p3, used with permission

25. SECONDARY PROBLEMS--ONE OF THE KEYS TO BREAKTHROUGH INVENTIONS AND ACHIEVING IDEALITY “That’s a good idea, but……… “The ideal solution would be….., but I can’t achieve it because….

26. INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC. HOW DO WE RESOLVE AND HANDLE CONTRADICTIONS?

27. VISUALIZING CONTRADICTIONS

28. MAPPING CONTRADICTIONS FUNCTION: JOIN PHYSICAL OBJECT Infinitely re-usable Zipper Lock-nut Adaptability velcro braid wire rope paper-clip Self-tapping screw Post-it Lock-nut Friction bond epoxy MIG/TIG weld Paper glue staple braze One-time nail Required Strength of join Used by permission of D. Mann, CreaTRIZ

29. SYSTEM EVOLUTION TOWARD IDEALITY Contradiction Elimination Infinitely Place your solution on the graph of re - usable Direction Main Useful Attributes to help Identify opportunities Zipper Lock - nut Adaptability velcro braid wire rope paper - clip Self - tapping screw Post - it Lock - nut Friction MIG/TIG epoxy bond Paper glue staple braze One - time weld nail Required Strength of join CLASS EXAMPLES? Used by permission of D. Mann, CreaTRIZ

30. WHAT ARE SOME OF YOUR CONTRADICTIONS? (FLIPCHART)

31. HOW DO YOU HANDLE CONTRADICTIONS IN CURRENT CREATIVITY SESSIONS AND WITH CURRENT TOOLS?

32. CONTRADICTION TABLE • Possible contradictions represented in 39 x 39 table • Intersections of contradicting rows and columns are references to 40 inventive principles for contradiction elimination 1 2 14 38 39 Undesired Result (Degraded Feature) Strength Weight of Nonmoving Object Weight of Moving Object Productivity Level of Automation Feature to Improve 1 Weight of Moving Object 28, 27, 18, 40 Weight of Nonmoving Object 2 28 Replace a mechanical system with a non mechanical system 27 An inexpensive short-life object instead of an expensive durable one 18 Mechanical vibration 40 Composite materials 38 Level of Automation 39 Productivity Proposed Solution Pathways:

33. Contradictions - Jet Engine Boeing wanted to install larger engines on a redesigned 737. A larger air intake would reduce ground clearance to unacceptable levels. Contradiction: Increasing air intake reduces ground clearance Control parameter: Intake radius #5 VS. #3 in table

34. Contradictions - Jet Engine Resolve the contradiction by Separation Make the radius large laterally for high air flow. Make the radius smaller downward for high ground clearance.

35. INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC. SEPARATION PRINCIPLES FOR PHYSICAL CONTRADICTIONS (PARAMETERS OF A SYSTEM IN CONFLICT)

36. CONTRADICTIONS Technical Contradiction Control Parameter, C Physical Contradiction A B So: C should be high, and C should be low ®Ideation International

37. PHYSICAL CONTRADICTION • A characteristic must be higher and lower (self-opposing) • Example: An airplane wing should have large area for easy takeoff but small area for higher speed • Example: A pen tip should be sharp to draw fine lines, but blunt to avoid tearing the paper • A characteristic must be present and absent • Example: For sandblasting the abrasive must be present (to abrade) but is not wanted on (or in) the product • Example: Aircraft landing gear are needed for landing but undesired in flight ®Ideation International

38. PLATING METAL PARTS • To plate metal parts with nickel they were placed in a bath of nickel salt. The bath was heated to increase the productivity of the process. However, heating reduced the stability of the salt solution and it started to decompose. ®Ideation International

39. CONTRADICTIONS... • Functional? • Physical?

40. CONVERTING TECHNICAL CONTRADICTIONS TO PHYSICAL CONTRADICTIONS • Technical Contradiction • Heating increases productivity (A), but wastes material (B) • Control parameter is temperature • Physical Contradiction • Temperature (C) should be high to increase productivity and low to avoid waste A B Control Parameter, C ®Ideation International

41. PRINCIPLES OF SEPARATION • TRIZ seeks to eliminate the physical contradiction by separating the two contradictory requirements • Separation in space • Separation in time • Separation between the parts and the whole • Separation upon condition

42. SEPARATION IN TIME • A characteristic is made larger at one time and smaller at another • A characteristic is present at one time and absent at another • Example: Concrete piles must be pointed for easy driving but not pointed to support a load. The piles are made with pointed tips which are destroyed after driving, via an embedded explosive. • Example: Aircraft wings are longer for takeoff, and then pivot back for high speed flight. • Example: Consider the problem of sand accumulation with abrasive sandblasting. An effective solution is to use dry ice chips as the abrasive. After abrading, the chips will simply disappear by sublimation. ®Ideation International

43. SEPARATION IN SPACE • A characteristic is made larger in one place and smaller in another • A characteristic is present in one place and absent in another • Example: Submarines which pull sonar detectors drag the detectors at the end of several thousand feet of cable to separate the detector from the noise of the submarine • Example: Bifocal glasses ®Ideation International

44. SEPARATION BETWEEN PARTS AND THE WHOLE • A characteristic has one value at the system level and the opposite value at the component level • A characteristic exists at the system level but not at the component level (or vice versa) • Example: A bicycle chain is rigid at the micro-level for strength, and flexible at the macro-level. • Example: Epoxy resin and hardener are liquid until mixed, then they solidify. ®Ideation International

45. A “SOFT” EXAMPLE • Example: A business should be large and small • Large for profits and resources • Small for flexibility • Solution: Formation of a conglomerate of small independent organizations under one umbrella ®Ideation International

46. SEPARATION UPON CONDITION • A characteristic is high under one condition and low under another • A characteristic is present under one condition and absent under another • Example: A kitchen sieve is porous with regard to water and solid with regard to food. • Example: Water is “soft if entered at a low speed. However, it one jumps into the same water from a height of 10 meters, the water feels considerably harder. Thus, the speed of the body’s interaction with the water is the condition to be considered when applying this principle. ®Ideation International

47. Which separation principle was used to solve the plating solution problem and what was the design concept?

48. PLATING METAL PARTS • To plate metal parts with nickel they were placed in a bath of nickel salt. The bath was heated to increase the productivity of the process. However, heating reduced the stability of the salt solution and it started to decompose. ®Ideation International

49. SEPARATION IN SPACE • In the nickel plating of parts, increased temperature is necessary only in proximity to the parts. To accomplish this, the parts themselves may be heated, rather than the solution. ®Ideation International -

50. Intersecting Highways ? Two major highways are proposed to intersect. Traffic cannot flow on both highways without conflict. State the technical contradiction: State as a physical contradiction: