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NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN PERSPECTIVE Harbans S. Bhola

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN PERSPECTIVE Harbans S. Bhola. POLICY ISSUES.

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NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN PERSPECTIVE Harbans S. Bhola

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  1. NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN PERSPECTIVEHarbans S. Bhola

  2. POLICY ISSUES

  3. The intent of all policy-making is essentially to obtain and maintain preferred distribution of power, status and economic goods in a society (Bhola,1975). Education plays an important part in bringing about and maintaining these preferred distributions.

  4. The access to elementary education is limited. Survey shows that the schooling gap is 1/3, the difference between school aged and actual enrolments

  5. THE DISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES AND SOCIAL JUSTICE

  6. In an apparent and immediate sense, there is a distributive justice in the promotion of non-formal education. Those who never went to school, can receive some basic education through the non-formal mode of delivery. It also gives justice to the landless, the urban unemployed and untrained, the children of the rural poor, women and can design special programmes for the migrant and immigrant.

  7. ECONOMIC RETURNS

  8. As a consequence, NFE has been claimed to show better economic returns than formal education. It is a salvaging operation to enable school-leavers and drop-outs from the formal school to enter the economy as productive individuals.

  9. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ADVANTAGE

  10. -half of policy-making is projecting a national vision and establishing a national direction. The other half involves harnessing social power for preferred social outcomes(Bhola, 1975). To harness social power means to create organizational mechanisms for the implementation of objectives or delivery of services and institutionalizing them for continuity.

  11. ISSUES ON THE INSTITUTIONALIZING OF NFE

  12. 1. How does NFE be institutionalized? -in other words how can the delivery system be developed? 2. Can the nature, function and performance of institutions in the social, economic and political sectors be actually changed through non-formal education?

  13. Non-formal education will see a slow but steady expansion in developing countries right into the twenty-first century; it will be with us for a long time since the developmental tasks it must tackle are truly colossal. Over the years, a part of non-formal education will become formalized as alternative formal education (AFE), while another part will continue to serve the special and emergent needs of a learning society in search of cultural enrichment and peace.

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