LtCol W.G. Wickun, USMC (Ret)

2. Native of Connecticut • B. S. in Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute • USMC, Regular Commission • M.S. in Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University • Began teaching at MECEP Prep • Taught chemistry at Norwich University, Vermont • Adjunct Faculty, State University of New York (SUNY) • Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry, SUNY • Taught chemistry at Whitworth College, Spokane, WA • Teach chemistry and physics at Montana State University • PT, cycling (mountain & road), backpacking, fly fishing, • zymurgy LtCol W.G. Wickun, USMC (Ret)

3. Chemistry CHEMISTRY!!

4. Introduction:Matter and Measurement Chapter 1

5. Chemistry - the study of matter and the changes it undergoes 1. Matter - anything that occupies space and has mass. 2. Substance - a form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties. water, ammonia, sucrose, gold, oxygen

6. soft drink, milk, solder cement, muddy water, iron filings in sand (Fig. 1.8) Mixture - a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities. • Homogenous mixture – composition of the mixture is the same throughout. • Heterogeneous mixture – composition is not uniform throughout.

7. magnet Physical means can be used to separate a mixture into its pure components. Distillation Figure 1.13 Also: filtration (Figure 1.12); paper chromatography (Figure 1.14)

8. Element - a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. • 115 elements have been identified • 83 elements occur naturally on Earth gold, aluminum, lead, oxygen, carbon • 32 elements have been created by scientists technetium, americium, seaborgium

9. Table 1.2

10. Water (H2O) Glucose (C6H12O6) Ammonia (NH3) Compound - a substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions. (Table 1.3) Compounds can only be separated into their pure components (elements) by chemical means.

11. Figure 1.9

12. States of Matter

14. sugar dissolving in water ice melting Physical or Chemical? Physical change - does not alter the composition or identity of a substance. Chemical change - alters the composition or identity of the substance(s) involved: • Hydrogen gas burns in oxygen gas • to form water (Fig. 1.10) • Copper reacts with nitric acid • to produce nitrogen dioxide (Fig. 1.11)

15. H2 O2 H2O

16. Figure 1.7 Electrolysis of water

21. O2 H2 Anode Cathode