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The Italian Renaissance

The Italian Renaissance. Chapter 5, Section 1. Define Renaissance. Renaissance means rebirth From 1350-1550, Italians believed they were seeing a rebirth of Greek and Roman worlds Why: (FUR) A new focus on the individual ability of humans

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The Italian Renaissance

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  1. The Italian Renaissance Chapter 5, Section 1

  2. Define Renaissance • Renaissance means rebirth • From 1350-1550, Italians believed they were seeing a rebirth of Greek and Roman worlds • Why: (FUR) • A new focus on the individual ability of humans • Urban Societies with a secular (removed from the Church)viewpoint • A period of recovery from disease, political disasters, and the decline of the Church

  3. The Places • Italian city states • Majors: • Venice • Milan • Florence

  4. The People • Leonardo da Vinci • The Medici Family • Niccolo Machiavelli • The Nobles • Peasants and Townspeople

  5. Milan • Northern Italy • Visconti Family established as dukesin fourteenth century • 1447 – Franceso Sforza and mercenaries (hired soldiers) take the city • Power derived from tax systems that generated revenue

  6. Venice • Northern Italy • Major link between Europe and Asia • Republic with an elected leader called the Doge • Merchants really ran the city due to their trade power • Trade made Venice powerful

  7. Florence • Upper-central Italy • During fourteenth century, powerful merchants controlled the city • Cosimo de Medici and his family took control in 1434 and dominated the city • Trade was the major factor in Florence’s success

  8. The Italian Wars • In 1494, Charles VIII seizes Naples and the riches within • Northern Italians turn to Spain, who sends help • France and Spain fight for Italian control for 30 years • Spain wins control in 1527, sacking Rome and destroying the city

  9. Machiavelli and The Prince • Niccolo Machiavelli writes The Prince • Challenges scholars that argue a need for Christian leaders • Says leaders should think for the people, not themselves • Individual is inherently bad

  10. The Nobility • Both “old” and “new” nobles • New nobles joining the ranks • Fulfilled certain ideals outlined in The Book of the Courier • Nobles are born, not made • Warrior skill and a classical education • Good conduct – show acheivments with grace • Serve the prince in an effective and honest way

  11. Peasants • Peasants made up 85-90% of the population • Serfdom is DECREASING • Paying rent instead of using labor • Classes within the lower class: • Patricians (trade, industry, and banking) • Burghers (shopkeepers, artisans, guild masters, and guild members) • Workers

  12. Family • Dangerous urban life meant a need for strong family bonds • Arranged marriages strengthened family and business bonds • Dowries – money or goods given to the husband by the wife’s family upon marriage • Family set up: • Fathers were the center of attention • Mother supervised the household • Children were not adults until fathers went before a judge and formally freed them

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