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The Italian Renaissance

The Italian Renaissance. Renaissance Art & Artists. “The Last Judgment” before the Renaissance…. The Last Judgment, Pietro Cavallini, 1293 . … “The Last Judgment”…Renaissance. Michelangelo The Last Judgment. Developments in the Visual Arts. Greater realism and naturalism

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The Italian Renaissance

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  1. The Italian Renaissance Renaissance Art & Artists

  2. “The Last Judgment” before the Renaissance… The Last Judgment, Pietro Cavallini, 1293

  3. … “The Last Judgment”…Renaissance Michelangelo The Last Judgment

  4. Developments in the Visual Arts • Greater realism and naturalism • Especially in the depiction of the human body and human emotions • Also shown in religious paintings • Introduction of secular themes and classical myths

  5. Developments in the Visual Arts • Perspective: creates the appearance of three dimesions on a flat surface

  6. Giotto di Bondone • Early pioneer of perspective, symmetry and proportion • Considered by some to be the father of Renaissance painting Life of Saint Francis of Assisi, 1296

  7. Giotto di Bondone The Mourning of Christ, 1305

  8. Fra Angelico, Annunciation, 1425

  9. Advances in realism, naturalism and perspective from Early to High Renaissance Fra Angelico, Annunciation c. 1425 Leonardo, Annunciation c. 1472-75

  10. The Masters of the Renaissance Not Just Ninja Turtles

  11. Leonardo da Vinci • Born in Vinci • Became a painters apprentice in Florence • A true, “Renaissance Man”

  12. Leonardo the Scientist • Studied anatomy • Dissected animals and humans to learn how bodies move • Perfected proportion

  13. Leonardo the Inventor • Preoccupied with human flight • studied the wings of birds and bats • Designed many ‘flying machines’ including gliders, parachutes, helicopters, and wings • none were successfully built in his lifetime

  14. Leonardo the Artist • Wanted to capture the reality of people and their emotions • Made many sketches before beginning a painting Detail; Leda and the Swan

  15. Leonardo da Vinci, untitled sketch

  16. What is Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting?

  17. Mona Lisa

  18. Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci • Possibly the most famous work of art ever produced • Is currently owned by the French government and hangs in the Louvre in Paris • There has been much speculation about the identity of the model, but it is most likely, Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a wealthy silk merchant in Florence

  19. Why does she look so mysterious? • The horizon line in the back ground is uneven which makes our eyes always come back to focus on her eyes

  20. Why does she look so mysterious? • Leonardo used a technique called sfumato; he blended the lines around her eyes and mouth giving them a sense of vague movementor unclear emotion

  21. More of Mona Lisa’s mystery… • She has been stolen three times • In 1956 acid was thrown on it, damaging the lower portion. It is now in a bullet proof glass case • X-rays have shown there are three different versions of the Mona Lisa hidden under the present one.

  22. Da Vinci • The Last Supper 1495-1498

  23. Michelangelo Bounarroti • born on March 6, 1475, at Caprese, in Tuscany • Like Leonardo, he was an architect, painter, sculptor, and writer. • Did not like Leonardo

  24. Michelangelo’s Greatest Works • The Pieta was his first large commissioned work • marble

  25. Michelangelo’s Greatest Works • David • commissioned in 1501 • 14ft tall, single piece of marble • Classical-Hellenistic features

  26. Michelangelo’s Greatest Works • This shows David before he killed Goliath (many previous sculptures of David, depict a very relaxed David with his foot on the dead Goliaths head). Michelangelo’s David looks worried

  27. Michelangelo’s Greatest WorksThe Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel • Fresco; painting on wet plaster • Was asked to paint the 12 apostles and a few decorations on the ceiling of the Sistine chapel • After over one year of painting he revealed a colossal fresco with over 300 figures

  28. Michelangelo,Sistine Chapel Ceiling

  29. Sistine Chapel (Details) Head of God, detail from the Creation of Adam Creation of Adam

  30. Sistine Chapel (Details) Separation of the Earth from the Waters Creation of the Sun, Moon, and Planets

  31. Sistine Chapel (Details) Ignudo

  32. Michelangelo’s Greatest WorksThe Last Judgment

  33. Michelangelo’s Greatest Works • The Last Judgment • Also in the Sistine Chapel, but painted several years after the ceiling • Depicts Christ, as the central figure, judging those who will go to heaven or hell

  34. The Last Judgment (detail) Saint Bartholomew with a flayed skin Christ as Judge

  35. The “fig leaf controversy” and The Last Judgment • Though the painting was commissioned by Pope Paul III, the cardinals Carafa and Sarnini objected to the nudity in the painting and ordered it destroyed • The pope refused, but after the death of the pope and Michelangelo, the genitals were painted over • Yet before finishing the painting Michelangelo painted the portraits of both of the cardinals being condemned to hell

  36. Raffaello Sanzio (Raphael) • Italian, born around the same time as Michelangelo • Primarily a painter • Some architecture

  37. Raphael’s Greatest Works • Used balanced pyramidal arrangement, like Leonardo • Very peaceful bright landscaped backgrounds Raphael Madonna of the Meadow

  38. Raphael’s Greatest Works Raphael The School of Athens

  39. Raphael’s Greatest Works • Shows mastery of perspective • Depicts the famous mathematicians, philosophers, writers, and artists of ancient Greece in a Renaissance setting Raphael The School of Athens

  40. Donatello • Born in Florence • Influenced the early stages of the Renaissance • Primarily a sculptor

  41. Donatello’s Greatest Works • At the time of its creation, it was the first free-standing nude statue since ancient times • Depicts a confident David stepping on the head to the slain Goliath • Bronze Donatello David

  42. Donatello’s Greatest Works • Bronze • Proportion distorted to show power from below • Portrait of a famous Italian mercenary • Commissioned by Cosimo Medici Donatello Equestrian Monument to Gattamelato

  43. Botticelli • Painted secular and mythological scenes in very large scale paintings • Previously only religious paintings were large La Primavera, 1482

  44. Botticelli Venus and Mars, 1485

  45. Botticelli The Birth of Venus, 1485

  46. Sofonisba Anguissola • First woman artist to gain international reputation • Known for portraits Portrait of Philip II, 1573 Self Portrait, 1556

  47. Artemisia Gentileschi • Daughter of Roman artist • Painted historical and religious scenes • Most women painted only portraits Judith slaying Holofernes, 1620

  48. Andrea Magtegna, Dead Christ, 1490

  49. The Northern Renaissance Art and Artists

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