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Combustion Diagnostics Emission and Combustion Properties of Biofuel

S P A C E Structures, Propulsion, And Control Engineering C e n t e r. Combustion Diagnostics Emission and Combustion Properties of Biofuel. Student Assistants Michael Tran 2 Henry Luong 1 Johanna Lopez 1 Teresita Buhler 1 Emerzon Cruz 1. Faculty Advisors

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Combustion Diagnostics Emission and Combustion Properties of Biofuel

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  1. S P A C E Structures, Propulsion, And Control Engineering C e n t e r Combustion DiagnosticsEmission and Combustion Properties of Biofuel Student AssistantsMichael Tran2 Henry Luong1 Johanna Lopez1 Teresita Buhler1Emerzon Cruz1 Faculty Advisors Dr. Guillaume1Dr. Boussalis1 1. California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90023 2. University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A

  2. MOTIVATION • What is biodiesel? • Why biodiesel? Advantages and disadvantages NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 2

  3. PRESENTATION OUTLINE • Engine vs. Flame Studies • Laser Diagnostics • Laser Induced Incandescence • Laser light extinction • Counterflow Burner • Combustion Properties of Biofuel Primary Thesis Study Possible PhD Study Biodiesel Hydrocarbon Chain NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 3

  4. ENGINES VS FLAME STUDIES NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 4

  5. LASER INDUCED INCANDESCENCE • Goal: Qualitative and quantitative measurement of soot • Output: Soot profile, soot volume fractions, and particle size • Principle: • Soot is heated by laser (3500-4000K) • Incandescence flame images  soot profile • Incandescence intensity  soot volume fraction • Temporal decay of incandescence  particle size NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 5

  6. LII EXPERIMENTAL SETUP NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 6

  7. LII EXPERIMENTAL SETUP NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 7

  8. LII EXPERIMENTAL SETUP NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 8

  9. LII RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Laser Induced Incandescence Natural Incandescence(Long exposure time) B0 B20 NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 9

  10. LII RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Qualitative Results B0 B20 NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 10

  11. LIGHT EXTINCTION THEORY Physical meaning of fv: volume of soot per unit volume NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 11

  12. LIGHT EXTINCTION THEORY Physical meaning of fv: volume of soot per unit volume NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 12

  13. LIGHT EXTINCTION THEORY NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 13

  14. LII vs. LIGHT EXTINCTION NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 14

  15. COUNTERFLOW BURNER • Primary Thesis study: Soot emission of biofuel using laser diagnostics • Possible PhD study: Combustion property of biofuel using advanced counterflow flame burner configuration NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 15

  16. COUNTERFLOW BURNER NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 16

  17. COUNTERFLOW BURNER NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 17

  18. PROJECT TIMELINE NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A

  19. REFERENCES References • Turn, S. AnIntroduction to Combustion. Mc Graw Hill. 2nd Ed. (2000) • Eckbreth, A.C Laser Diagnostics for Combustion Temperature and Species. Abacus Press, 1988 • Glassman, I. Combustion. 3rd Edition. Academic Press, San Diego, 1996 • Vander Wal, R.L. Using Laser-Induced Incandescence to Measure Soot/Smoke Concentrations. 1997. NASA Report # 97-206325 • Shaddix, R.C., Smyth, K.C. Laser-Induced Incandescence Measurements of Soot Production in Steady and Flickering Methane, Propane, and Ethylene Diffusion Flames. Combustion and Flame. 1996;107:418-452 • Melton, L. Soot Diagnostics Based on Laser Heating. Applied Optics. 1984; 23: 2001-2208 • Schumacher, L.G, William G.H , Borgel, S.C. Fueling Diesel Engines with Methyl-Ester Soybean Oil. Liquid Fuels from Renewable Resources: Proceedings of an Alternative Conference. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Nashville, TN, 1992 NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 19

  20. REFERENCES References • Choi, S.C. Measurement and Analysis of the Dimensionless Extinction Constant for Diesel and Biodiesel Soot: Influence of Pressure, Wavelength and Fuel-Type. Thesis Dissertation. Drexel University. 2009 • Bladh, H. On the Use of Laser-Induced Incandescence for Soot Diagnostics: From Theoretical Aspects to Applications in Engines. Doctoral Dissertation. Lund University, 2007 • D1322. Standard Test Method for Smoke Point of Kerosene and Aviation Turbine Fuel. American Society for Testing and Materials. Reapproved 2002 • Ziejewski, M., Kaufman, K.R, Schwab, A.W., Pryde, E.H. Diesel Engine Evaluation of a Nonionic Sunflower Oil- Aqueous Ethanol Microemulsion. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society. 1984: 61; 1620-1626 • Nwafor, O.M, Rice, G. Performance of Rapeseed Oil Blends in a Diesel Engine. Applied Energy. 1996; 54: 354-354 NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 20

  21. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Cooperation between graduate/undergraduates at SPACE Center (CSULA) and Lasers, Flames, and Aerosols Laboratory (UCI) Grant provide by NASA # NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A NASA Grant URC NCC NNX08BA44A 21

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