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4.3 Egypt and Nubia

4.3 Egypt and Nubia. Trade in Ancient Egypt. Although Egypt produced a large surplus they lacked many other resources Egypt acquired the needed resources through trade, or commerce Some of the goods the Egyptians traded for were luxury items Perfumes Precious stones. Trade in Ancient Egypt.

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4.3 Egypt and Nubia

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  1. 4.3Egypt and Nubia

  2. Trade in Ancient Egypt • Although Egypt produced a large surplus they lacked many other resources • Egypt acquired the needed resources through trade, or commerce • Some of the goods the Egyptians traded for were luxury items • Perfumes • Precious stones

  3. Trade in Ancient Egypt • Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean • As early as the Old Kingdom they traded with others in the eastern Med. • In Lebanon they traded for cedar • They traded for olive oil and metal with other peoples

  4. Trade in Ancient Egypt • Trade in the Nile Valley • Trade with Nubia also began with the Old Kingdom • From the Nubia • Gold • Ivory • From Egypt • Grain Glass • Cloth Jewelry • Papyrus

  5. Trade in Ancient Egypt • Trade in the Nile Valley • This reliance on each other for trade made them interdependent • It also meant they shared culture • The Nubians adopted many Egyptian ideas including religion

  6. The Land of Nubia • Some of Nubia’s geography was similar to Egypt, but some was different • Like Egypt • In the Sahara with little rain • Depended on the fertile Nile Valley • Different • Cataracts in Nubia – had to travel on foot • Narrower part of the valley – less surplus • Closer contact with the other people of Africa

  7. Nubia and Egypt • The Egyptians realized they could • trade with the Nubians • get their gold • which they traded for other resources from the Mediterranean

  8. Nubia and Egypt • Egypt Conquers Nubia • To gain more control of the resources of Nubia Egypt conquered Nubia • During both the Middle and New Kingdoms • When conquered had to pay tribute (forced taxes) • After Ramses II the control over Nubia weakened • Nubia becomes independent with its own king

  9. Nubia and Egypt • Nubia Conquers Egypt • 700s BC Piye conquers Egypt • Announced himself ruler of united Egypt and Nubia • Nubia ruled Egypt for nearly 100 years • Followed Egyptian customs • Could have ruled longer but tried to expand • Fought with the Assyrians • Assyrians conquered Egypt\Nubians retreated to Nubia

  10. Nubian Civilization • Nubia was still an advanced civilization • Its own writing, economy, and government • Independent Nubia • Egypt destroyed the capital of Nubia, Napata, in 591 BC • Moved the capital to MeroË • It was easier to defend • Center for trade and iron working

  11. Nubian Civilization • Independent Nubia • Nubian Iron was stronger than Egyptian bronze • Built hundreds of pyramids in MeroËand Napata • Queen Mothers, or Candaces, also had power • Sometimes more power than the king himself • Developed their own alphabet • One of the 1st in the world • We have learned their alphabet • But don’t know the words yet

  12. Nubian Civilization • Nubia’s Link to Africa and the World • Controlled a larger area than Egypt • Known for Iron making abilities • Traded items like ebony and ivory from the interior of Africa • to get the food they needed • War with Rome weakened Nubia • Raids by desert people made it worse • Finally Nubia was conquered by the empire of Aksum

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