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Somatoform, Factitious, and Dissociative Disorders

Somatoform, Factitious, and Dissociative Disorders. Somatoform Disorders. Convert anxiety into physical symptoms Physical symptoms without organic disease Reflect complex interactions between mind and body May cause serious impairments in social and occupational functioning.

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Somatoform, Factitious, and Dissociative Disorders

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  1. Somatoform, Factitious, and Dissociative Disorders

  2. Somatoform Disorders • Convert anxiety into physical symptoms • Physical symptoms without organic disease • Reflect complex interactions between mind and body • May cause serious impairments in social and occupational functioning

  3. Etiology of Somatoform Disorders • Biologic • Behavioral • Cognitive

  4. Types of Somatoform Disorders • Somatization disorder • Pain disorder • Conversion disorder • Hypochondriasis • Body dysmorphic disorder

  5. Somatization Disorder • Formerly called hysteria • Frequently seeking and obtaining medical treatment for multiple, clinically significant somatic complaints • Diagnosis requires: • Involvement of multiple organ systems • Early onset and chronic course without development of physical signs or structural abnormalities • No clinical laboratory abnormalities commonly associated with general medical conditions

  6. Pain Disorder • Pain in one or more anatomic sites with significant impairment in one or more areas of functioning • Psychological factors may play an important role in the onset, severity, exacerbation, or maintenance of the pain

  7. Conversion Disorder • Exhibits one or more symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory function • Causes significant distress in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning • Common forms include blindness, paralysis, seizures, deafness, or abnormal motor movements • http://youtu.be/LRzytAhu0hg

  8. Hypochondriasis • Fears having (or the idea of having) a serious medical problem • Misinterpretation of symptoms persist despite medical evaluation • Preoccupation with illness • Causes significant distress in everyday function • http://youtu.be/V-Jr7ewKHY4

  9. Body Dysmorphic Disorder • Preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance • Slight anomaly has an excessive response • Causes significant distress in everyday functioning

  10. Factitious Disorder • Intentionally produces physical or psychological signs to assume the sick role • Behavior satisfies need for secondary gains • http://youtu.be/9TExiUUEFqI

  11. Types of Dissociative Disorders • Dissociative amnesia • One or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature • Dissociative fugue • Sudden, unexpected travel away from home or one’s customary place of work, with an inability to recall one’s past

  12. Types of Dissociative Disorders, cont’d. • Dissociative identity disorder • Demonstrates two or more distinct identities or personality states • At least two of these personality states recurrently take control of the person’s behavior • Depersonalization disorder • Persistent or recurrent episodes of feelings of detachment or estrangement from one’s self

  13. Treatment Modalities • Psychotherapy • Behavioral therapy • Cognitive behavioral therapy • Pharmacotherapy • Nursing Interventions: • Recognize that these disorders are chronic and enduring. • Monitors one’s own anxiety • Limit caffeine, nicotine, and other CNS stimulates • Suicide precautions

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