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The Arab League

The Arab League. The Arab League – A regional actor. The Arab League has a 22 state membership. The Arab League Goals. " draw closer the relations between member States and co-ordinate collaboration between them to safeguard their independence and sovereignty

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The Arab League

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  1. The Arab League

  2. The Arab League – A regional actor • The Arab League has a 22 state membership.

  3. The Arab League Goals • "draw closer the relations between member States and co-ordinate collaboration between them • to safeguard their independence and sovereignty • to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries."

  4. The Arab League • It has served as a forum for the member states to coordinate their policy positions, to deliberate on matters of common concern, to settle some Arab disputes, and to limit conflicts.

  5. The Arab League – examples of regional co operation • Joint defence treaties • Arab Common Market – established in 1965 - common market agreement provides for the eventual abolition of customs duties on natural resources and agricultural products, free movement of capital and labour among member countries

  6. The situation in Syria • Syria has ruled by Bashar Al Assad since 2000. He stood for election in 200o and 2007 and won, uncontested.

  7. Assad’s father • Hafez al-Assad ruled Syria for 29 years until his death in 2000 • Repressive and brutal regime. Minority rule of Alawites. • Hama massacre of 1982 10,000 to 20,000 killed.

  8. The situation in Syria • Uprising began in Syria in March 2011 as part of the Arab Revolutions of the Middle East. • Protests have been brutally supressed – latest figures estimate 5,700 killed by Syrian forces.

  9. What has the Arab League done in Syria? • It suspended Syria from the League and imposed sanctions. • It sent an observer mission to Syria in December 2011.

  10. Arab League Observer Mission • The purpose of the Arab League Observer Mission was to halt the violence. • It was believed that the presence of the League’s observers would act as a deterrent and that the Assad regime would be less likely to continue the use of force against its citizens.

  11. Arab League Observer Mission – a failure? • The Arab League Observer Mission failed to stop the violence as the Assad government ignored the League. For this reason the observer mission has been branded a failure.

  12. Another perspective ... • But the Arab League as observers also have an authority the Western media lack in the Middle East – if Arab League observers verifies that Damascus is using violence against its citizens, Arabs from neighbouring states are more likely to accept this news from fellow Arabs. The reports from the Arab League observers are a powerful tool in cementing Arab public opinion against Assad and support for further intervention in Syria – and hence challenges to its sovereignty.

  13. Israeli Arabs protest in Jerusalem Sudanese and Syrians protest against the Assad regime in Sudan Protests against Assad, London

  14. Public opinion • Public opinion in the Arab world is now so violently against Assad that some observers say it is influencing the Arab League. • Today, the Arab world is moving in a new direction. We may be witnessing the first tangible impact of the Arab uprisings, citizen revolts and revolutions on those Arab elites that still control most governments in the region. Arab regimes may be starting to pay attention to the sentiments and values of their people, who reject the killing of civilians that has taken place in Syria since March. • Rami G. Khouri Wednesday, 16 November 2011 , Al Arabiya News

  15. Arab League Peace Plan January 2012 • In January 2012 the Arab League came up with a Syrian peace plan. • The Arab League’s plan called on President Assad urging him to form a national unity government to end months of bloody violence. • The Arab League suggested that Assad delegate powers to the vice president and liaise with a government of “national unity" to be formed in two months.

  16. Arab League Peace Plan January 2012 • Basically the peace plan is asking for President Assad to transfer power to the Syrian rebels. • This is the plan, which the Arab League asked the UNSC to support, that was vetoed this February 4th by Russia and China.

  17. February 2012 - Now the Arab League has passed its own resolution calling for UN and Arab League peacekeeping troops to be stationed in Syria.

  18. The United Nations after the veto 04/02/12 • On February 20th the UN General Assembly passed a resolution which supported the Arab League’s plan.

  19. Moscow Times 20/02/12

  20. A new challenge to sovereignty from the Arab League?

  21. Article at http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/14/us-syria-arabs-idUSTRE81D0KZ20120214

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