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General Pharmacology

General Pharmacology. DOT Lesson 4-1 Phoenix College EMT/Fire Science Dept. Brandon Burgess, BAS, NREMT-P. Drug Profile. Name Chemical Generic Official, USP Trade, ® or TM Action How a drug works Dose How much & when a drug is given. Drug Profile. Indication

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General Pharmacology

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  1. General Pharmacology DOT Lesson 4-1 Phoenix College EMT/Fire Science Dept Brandon Burgess, BAS, NREMT-P

  2. Drug Profile • Name • Chemical • Generic • Official, USP • Trade, ® or TM • Action • How a drug works • Dose • How much & when a drug is given

  3. Drug Profile • Indication • When a drug should be given • Contraindication • Situations in which to NOT give a drug • Side effects • Known effects of a drug that are not desired • Route • Method of delivering a drug

  4. Drug Administration Routes • Intravenous (IV) injection • Intramuscular (IM) injection • Subcutaneous (SC) injection • Intraosseous (IO) injection • Oral (swallowed) (PO) • Sublingual (SL) • Transcutaneous • Inhalation • Rectal (PR)

  5. Drug Forms • Powder • Rare • Metered-dose inhalers (MDI) • Tablet • Powder compressed into a pill • Nitroglycerin (NTG) or Aspirin (ASA) • Liquid • Injection or SL • Epi-pen or NTG SL DOT Objective: 4-1.5

  6. Drug Form • Gels • Semi-liquid form for oral use or inside capsule • Oral glucose • Gas • Oxygen • Vaporized liquid • Mist of liquid drug for inhalation • Small volume nebulizer for Albuterol DOT Objective: 4-1.5

  7. Drug Form • Capsule • Powder/liquid in a gelatin capsule • Solution • A substance dissolved in a liquid • Suspension • A substance suspended in a liquid • Charcoal • Transcutaneous • Cream/paste that is absorb through skin DOT Objective: 4-1.5

  8. Obtain medical control order On-line Off-line 5 Rights Right drug? Right patient? Is the Rx for the patient? Right time? Is the Rx expired? Timing between dosage Right condition? Clear vs. yellow/cloud Right dose? Right route? Reassess patient What did drug do? What are vitals? Document What, when, effect Drug Administration Rules DOT Objective: 4-1.7

  9. Carried by EMT Oxygen Oral glucose Activated charcoal Epi-pen Arizona allows EMS to carry epi-pens. NOT DOT curriculum Aspirin Arizona allows EMS to carry ASA. Not part of DOT curriculum Patient has on them & EMT may assist Epi-pen Respiratory drugs MDI SVN Nitroglycerin (NTG) Who Brought The Drugs DOT Objective: 4-1.1, 4-1.3

  10. Drug Indications • Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) • Dilates coronary arteries, increasing blood flow, reducing chest pain. Give for CHP. Watch for BP to drop. Don’t give if BP below 100. Don’t give if patient took ED drug in past 48-72 hours • Aspirin (Bayer) • Prevents blood clots from getting bigger during AMI. Give for CHP. Don’t give to patient with bleeding disorder. • Oxygen • Increases delivered oxygen to cells. Give for any hypoxic state DOT Objective: 4-1.2, 4-1.4, 4-1.6

  11. Drug Indications • Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) • Beta-2 causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle enlarging airways. Give for asthma, CODP, bronchitis • Oral Glucose (Glutose) • Increases blood glucose in diabetics with altered level of consciousness • Activated Charcoal • Binds substances in stomach preventing absorption. Give for pill overdose • Epinephrine (Epi-Pen) • Vasoconstriction and bronchial smooth muscle relaxation during anaphylactic shock DOT Objective: 4-1.2, 4-1.4, 4-1.6

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