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The Austrian Habsburgs and the Thirty Years’ War

The Austrian Habsburgs and the Thirty Years’ War. Just a whole lotta misunderstandings. Misguided Complaints. “Dude, you killed my whole family.” “ You sir, are a religious maniac.” You are a double-crossing, assassination-commanding fiend.”

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The Austrian Habsburgs and the Thirty Years’ War

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  1. The Austrian Habsburgs and the Thirty Years’ War Just a whole lotta misunderstandings

  2. Misguided Complaints • “Dude, you killed my whole family.” • “You sir, are a religious maniac.” • You are a double-crossing, assassination-commanding fiend.” • “You caused the deaths of a third of Germany!”

  3. Context • ½ of Germany is Protestant • I, Ferdinand (Austrian Habsburg) am king of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor (great power=great responsibility) • And hey, everyone isgrabbing land. If I profit personally a little, who can blame me?

  4. The Beginning • As king of Bohemia, I revoke the religious rights of Bohemian Protestants. • They threw my regents out the window (totally proves how unreasonable these people were)! • Continue to humiliate my authority when I become Holy Roman Emperor asthey depose me in Prague (for Calvinist scum Frederick V, of all people!)

  5. Things get personal: Bohemian Period (1618-1625) • I get allies in Maximilian I of Bavaria, Spain, and John George I of Saxony (a Lutheran, in it for territorial gain). • Boss time: Battle of White Mountain (1620) vs. Frederick V. • By 1622, Bohemia re-Catholicized, Palatine conquered.

  6. More Winning: Danish Period ((1625-1629) • Little punk Christian IV of Denmark tries to invade Germany. Albrecht of Wallenstein crushes them and pursues into Denmark and BREAKS Protestant resistance. • Edict of Restitution (1629): Declares Calvinism illegal, all church land gained by Lutherans since 1552 must be returned.

  7. (Less winning) Swedish Period (1630-1635) • Edict of Restitution (1629): kinda failed (Calvinism too big to be declared illegal, and bunches of cities would have to be returned) • King GustavusAdolphus of Sweden beats us at Breitenfieldin 1630 (military genius, not my bad) • Payback: Adolphus dies in Battle of Lutzen (1632) against Wallenstein. • B.A.ness—I have Wallenstein assassinated for trying to sell his services to the Protestants. Just shows what a backstabbing bunch those Protestants are. • 1635: Peace of Prague. I repealed the Edict of Restitution, and though we kept Palitinate, we gave back other duchies.

  8. Swedish-French Period (1635-1648) • French joins against us, but my relatives of the Spanish Habsburg line come to our defense and force their way almost to Paris. I died in 1637. • I, Ferdinand III, took over for my father. Denmark entered the war fighting against their former ally, Sweden (have these people never heard of loyalty?) By 1648, Prague was captured by Sweden and I was sick of war. We signed the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 (we definitely got cheated on this one). Parts that interested us: • Rescinded Edict of Restitution • Gave Calvinists legal recognition

  9. In our defense… • At least we took a stand and held it! Catholicism all the way. None of this switching-sides-mercenary stuff.

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