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The History of the Universe in 60 Minutes

The History of the Universe in 60 Minutes. Max Tegmark, MIT. 100dpi. 500 BC 2000 AD. Cosmology timeline:. Overduin & Priester 2001, astro-ph/0101484. 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020. Cosmology timeline:. Einstein’s theory of gravity.

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The History of the Universe in 60 Minutes

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  1. The History of the Universe in 60 Minutes Max Tegmark, MIT

  2. 100dpi

  3. 500 BC 2000 AD Cosmology timeline: Overduin & Priester 2001, astro-ph/0101484

  4. 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Cosmology timeline: Einstein’s theory of gravity Expanding Universe theoretically possible (Friedmann) Universe is expanding (Hubble) CfA Galaxy Redshift Survey Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (Gamow) CMBPOL satellite? JDEM? JWST? LSST? SKA? Inflation invented (Guth, Linde, Albrecht & Steinhardt) CMB anisotropies detected (COBE) WMAP CMB, SDSS galaxy clustering Planck CMB satellite Dark energy discovered with supernovae (2 teams), CMB peaks detected Cluster cosmology Derision cosmology Cosmic microwave backgroud anisotropies Cosmic Microwave Background predicted (Alpher & Herman) Supernova cosmology Lyman a forest cosmology Weak gravitational lensing Galaxy redshift surveys 1st quasar discovered (Schmidt) Cosmic Microwave Background detected (Penzias & Wilson) 21 cm cosmology Weak lensing detected (4 teams) 2dF galaxy clustering Precision cosmology CMB polarization detected (DASI)

  5. Flyabout + SDSS movie

  6. (Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team)

  7. Brief History of the Universe Fluctuation generator Fluctuation amplifier Hot Dense Smooth Cool Rarefied Clumpy (Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team)

  8. What do we want to measure? Fluctuation generator Fluctuation amplifier Hot Dense Smooth Cool Rarefied Clumpy (Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team) Cosmological functions (z), G(z,k), Ps(k), Pt(k)

  9. To 0th order: Fluctuation generator Fluctuation amplifier Hot DenseSmooth H(z) Cool Rarefied Clumpy (Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team) Cosmological functions (z), G(z,k), Ps(k), Pt(k)

  10. To 1st order: Fluctuation generator Fluctuation amplifier Hot Dense Smooth H(z) P(k,z) Cool Rarefied Clumpy (Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team) Cosmological functions

  11. MATTER BUDGET (Q) INITIAL CONDITIONS

  12. OUR TOOLS

  13. Smorgasbord

  14. Measuring expansion

  15. Arthur Geoffrey Walker 1909-? (British; 1935 paper with H P Robertson showed that F(L)RW metric is only homogeneous & isotropic metric) Alexander Friedmann 1888-1925 (Russian; 1922 paper) George Lemaître 1894-1936 (Belgian; indep. 1927 paper)

  16. Cosmic scale factor a(t) t [Gigayears]

  17. The Universe is expanding: • H>0 today • v≈Hr for v«c

  18. Edwin Hubble 1889- (American; 1930 paper) Mt. Wilson Observatory 1931

  19. Hubble 1929: H550 km/s/Mpc Riess et al 1996: H70 km/s/Mpc How measure distance & redshift?

  20. Cosmic scale factor a(t) t [Gigayears]

  21. Boomzoom Standardizable candles (From Saul Perlmutter’s web site)

  22. Boomzoom Using galaxy correlations as a standardizable ruler: (Eisenstein, Hu & MT 1998; Eisenstein et al 2005; Cole et al 2005) Easiest to understand in real space (Bashinsky & Bertschinger, PRL, 87, 1301, 2001; PRD 123008, 2002)

  23. Boomzoom (Eisenstein et al 2005, for the SDSS collaboration astro-ph/050112) We’ve measured distance to z=0.35 to 5% accuracy

  24. Big Bang nucleosynthesis as a standardizable clock: Tytler et al 2000, astro-ph/0001318

  25. H = dlna/dt, H2   Assumes k=0 SN Ia+CMB+LSS constraints Yun Wang & MT 2004, PRL 92, 241302

  26. Measuring clustering

  27. History CMB Foreground-cleaned WMAP map from Tegmark, de Oliveira-Costa & Hamilton, astro-ph/0302496

  28. Boomzoom z = 1000

  29. Boomzoom z = 2.4 Mathis, Lemson, Springel, Kauffmann, White & Dekel 2001

  30. Boomzoom z = 0.8 Mathis, Lemson, Springel, Kauffmann, White & Dekel 2001

  31. Boomzoom z = 0 Mathis, Lemson, Springel, Kauffmann, White & Dekel 2001

  32. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Lensing Lya Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  33. Cmbgg OmOl

  34. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Lensing Lya Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  35. 000619 Galaxy power spectrum measurements 1999 (Based on compilation by Michael Vogeley)

  36. 1parmovies LSS

  37. 1parmovies Clusters LSS Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  38. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  39. History (Figure from Wayne Hu) (Figure from WMAP team)

  40. History

  41. History CMB Foreground-cleaned WMAP map from Tegmark, de Oliveira-Costa & Hamilton, astro-ph/0302496

  42. Boomzoom Guth & Kaiser 2005, Science

  43. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  44. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Ly Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  45. Boomzoom Lyman Alpha Forest Simulation: Cen et al 2001 LyF Quasar You

  46. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Ly Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  47. 1parmovies CMB Clusters LSS Lensing Ly Tegmark & Zaldarriaga, astro-ph/0207047 + updates

  48. GRAVITATIONAL LENSING: A1689 imaged by Hubble ACS, Broadhurst et al 2004

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