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Dive into the effects of global warming on glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland, impacting sea levels. Understand greenhouse gas dynamics, surface temperatures, and energy balance to grasp climate change complexities.
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Lecture 6, 9/22/14 Climate Dynamics11:670:461 Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA robock@envsci.rutgers.edu http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~robock
Glaciers, Antarctica, and Greenland are all melting and contributing to sea level rise. SLE = sea level equivalent IPCC AR5 WGIFig. TS.3
Mann et al. (1999)
Figure 19: Northern Hemisphere reconstructed temperature change since 200 AD
r a S0 = 1368 W m-2 Emission = sTe4 a= planetary albedo (0.30) Greenhouse Effect A =4pr2 A =pr2 Sun Ts Earth
Global Energy Balance Incoming Energy = Outgoing Energy pr2 S0 (1-a) = 4pr2sTe4 r = radius of Earth S0 = solar constant (1368 W/m2) a= planetary albedo (0.30) s= Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 108 W m-2 K-4) Te = effective temperature of the Earth Ts = observed global average surface temperature Greenhouse Effect Ts = 288 K Te = 255 K 33 K (33C° = 59F°) Greenhouse Effect
S0 = “solar constant” = 1368 W/m2 Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Effect a= planetary albedo = 0.30 Te = effective temperature Ts = surface temperature sTe4 sTe4 Greenhouse gases Sensible and latent heat sTs4 esTe4 Ts = Te = 255K = -18°C Ts = 288K = 15°C (Observed)
SAGE II, III SME OSIRIS Robock (1983)