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Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences

Lecture 6, 9/22/14. Climate Dynamics 11:670:461. Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA. robock@envsci.rutgers.edu. http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~ robock. Global warming seen in multiple data sets Fig. TS.1.

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Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences

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  1. Lecture 6, 9/22/14 Climate Dynamics11:670:461 Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA robock@envsci.rutgers.edu http://envsci.rutgers.edu/~robock

  2. Global warming seen in multiple data sets Fig. TS.1

  3. Glaciers, Antarctica, and Greenland are all melting and contributing to sea level rise. SLE = sea level equivalent IPCC AR5 WGIFig. TS.3

  4. Mann et al. (1999)

  5. Figure 19: Northern Hemisphere reconstructed temperature change since 200 AD

  6. From IPCC AR4 Technical Summary

  7. Fig. 4.1

  8. Fig. 4.2

  9. Fig. 4.3

  10. Fig. 4.4

  11. Fig. 4.5

  12. Fig. 4.6

  13. r a S0 = 1368 W m-2 Emission = sTe4 a= planetary albedo (0.30) Greenhouse Effect A =4pr2 A =pr2 Sun Ts Earth

  14. Global Energy Balance Incoming Energy = Outgoing Energy pr2 S0 (1-a) = 4pr2sTe4 r = radius of Earth S0 = solar constant (1368 W/m2) a= planetary albedo (0.30) s= Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 108 W m-2 K-4) Te = effective temperature of the Earth Ts = observed global average surface temperature Greenhouse Effect Ts = 288 K Te = 255 K 33 K (33C° = 59F°) Greenhouse Effect

  15. S0 = “solar constant” = 1368 W/m2 Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Effect a= planetary albedo = 0.30 Te = effective temperature Ts = surface temperature sTe4 sTe4 Greenhouse gases Sensible and latent heat sTs4 esTe4 Ts = Te = 255K = -18°C Ts = 288K = 15°C (Observed)

  16. SAGE II, III SME OSIRIS Robock (1983)

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