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Urgent Strategies for Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use

The imperative to conserve marine biodiversity has never been greater due to irreversible changes and localized losses resulting from climate change and increasing human pressures. This framework emphasizes the need for an ecosystem-based management approach that integrates various sectors, promotes best practices, and inspires political will. By identifying critical areas for protection and fostering innovative solutions, we can develop cooperative mechanisms that address cumulative impacts and enhance ecosystem services. This initiative requires timely action, capacity building, and public awareness to ensure the sustainability of our oceans.

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Urgent Strategies for Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use

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  1. Institutions Working Group Arvis, Causey, Golitsyn, Gallardo, Fandino, Johnson, Kimball, Mengerink, Robles, Rosenberg, Rovira, Searles, Stocks, Wesson

  2. Known • Urgency: irreversible change • Apparent broad scale and localized losses • Emerging uses • Increasing pressures (e.g. population, property issues, climate change) • Potential for feedback from loss of biodiversity/ecosystem functioning to climate change • Existing framework apparently inadequate

  3. Unknown • Capacity • Political will • Best practices • Appropriate scales • Needed innovation • New instruments or arrangements

  4. Unknowable • Irreversible losses • Political climate • Risk to ecosystem services • Course changing events • Success

  5. FAO, UNCLOS, WTO…

  6. UNFSA, HSC, CBD, Ramsar, Kyoto, ...

  7. Goal Development:conservation & sustainable use of marine biodiversity • International overarching goal • Includes national jurisdictions and areas beyond national jurisdications • Describes principles for conservation and sustainable use • Based on ecosystem approach to management • Integral to social and economic sustainable development • Intended to apply across sectors (e.g., fisheries, shipping, coastal development, pollution) • Focus on gaps in existing frameworks ( e.g., interactions, cumulative effects) • Provides a framework for collaboration among existing mechanisms • Includes precautionary approach • Inspire political will

  8. Regional Ecosystem-based Management • Operationalize goals through principles and norms • Build on existing international and regional instruments and mechanisms • Develop new mechanisms and approaches • Maintain or strengthen sectoral goals for management • Base boundaries on ecological principles (e.g., LME’s plus high seas areas) • Recognize the transboundary nature of diversity • Create coordinating mechanism • Include adaptive management

  9. Ecosystem-Based Management • Evaluate and address interactions between sectoral effects • Evaluate and address cumulative impacts of human activities on the marine environment with regard to marine biodiversity • Coordinate planning and management activities for multiple objectives • Inform, disseminate and educate • Perform governance scenario analysis

  10. Implementation Issues • Commit resources • Incorporate capacity building mechanism • Develop integrated assessment and monitoring by independent body • Cross sectors • Focus on ecosystem services • Address goal of conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity • Supported by GEOSS and other observation systems • Regularly (continuously) updated • Include biodiversity in climate change scenarios • Create compliance and enforcement mechanisms • Standards and norms as a basis • Accountability mechanism

  11. Implementation Issues… • Incorporate performance review mechanism • Based on clear objectives, strategies and tactics • Adaptive management • Create appropriate incentive structure • Encourage innovative solutions (e.g. restoration) • Spatial and temporal concerns • Governance at local, national, regional and international levels must be linked • Rapid action on priority areas to conserve diversity (stop gap measures) • Take action even with uncertain information (precautionary approach) • Timely management response to new information • Apply short, medium and long term strategies

  12. Implementation issues… • Need for identification of reference points and reference areas (MPA’s) • Identify for protection hotspot areas and those with fuller range of ecosystem services intact • Identify for protection areas at risk • Protected areas need to be of a sufficient size that they are meaningful on an ecosystem scale, linked networks • Raising public awareness • Communicating importance of overarching goals of conserving ecosystem services • within and between local, national, regional and international levels • use of new technologies • Strategic communication (recognize audiences, messages and timeliness)

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