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Public Education in Oregon

Public Education in Oregon. 1859 Oregon State Constitution 1862 County Superintendent Position Created 1873 First Appointed State Superintendent: Sylvester C. Simpson 1874 First elected State Superintendent: L.L. Rowland

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Public Education in Oregon

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  1. Public Education in Oregon • 1859 Oregon State Constitution • 1862 County Superintendent Position Created • 1873 First Appointed State Superintendent: Sylvester C. Simpson • 1874 First elected State Superintendent: L.L. Rowland • 1940 Superintendent of Public Instruction becomes a nonpartisan elected office • 1990 Ballot Measure 5 is approved • 1991 HB 3565 is passed by the Legislature • 1995 HB 2991 is passed by the Legislature • 2005 Legislature adds to diploma requirements • 2007 HB2263 alters the state accountability system • 2008 State board adopts new diploma requirements • 2011 SB909 Creates Oregon Education Investment Board

  2. Oregon Constitution, 1859 Article VIII: • Section 3. System of common schools. The Legislative Assembly shall provide by law for the establishment of a uniform, and general system of Common schools. • Section 4. Distribution of school fund income. Provision shall be made by law for the distribution of the income of the common school fund among the several Counties of this state in proportion to the number of children resident therein between the ages, four and twenty years. —

  3. Sylvester Simpson, Oregon’s First Superintendent of Public Instruction The first Superintendent of Public Instruction was born in Missouri. Brought to Oregon by his parents in 1846, he graduated from Willamette University where he studied law. Besides being ODE's first State Superintendent from 1872-74, he became private secretary to Governor Stephen Chadwick, 1877-78. He practiced law in Salem and Portland before moving to California where he continued his law practice.

  4. Oregon’s First Elected Superintendent, 1874 L.L. Rowland, a medical professor at Willamette University and Oregon's first elected Superintendent of Public Instruction. He was also a noted preacher and elder at the Salem Christian Church.

  5. Superintendent Position becomes Non-Partisan Election, 1940 Rex Putnam served as ODE Superintendent of Public Instruction for nearly 25 years. He began his career teaching in Springfield and served as superintendent at Redmond and Albany. In 1937, he was appointed to fill a vacancy as Superintendent of Public Instruction and was elected to the position in 1938. He was then re-elected another five terms.

  6. First Female Superintendent,1990-99 Norma Paulus attended Burns Union HS. She graduated from Willamette Law School in 1962. She served as a State Representative from 1971-76 and as Secretary of State from 1977-1985. Her occupational background included work as an appellate lawyer and legal secretary. She also served on the Northwest Power Planning Council from 1987-89.

  7. First Latina Superintendent, 2002 to present Susan Castillo was born in Los Angeles on August 14, 1951. She received a Bachelor of Arts in Communications from Oregon State University. The first Hispanic woman in the Oregon Legislative Assembly, Castillo served in the Oregon State Senate from 1997 to 2002.

  8. Expansion of Regulation • 1920 2 professional positions, one of which was the superintendent • 1930 2 professional positions in addition to the superintendent and six clerical and statistical assistants. • 1940 16 professional positions in addition to the superintendent, 9 in vocational education and 4 in vocational rehabilitation • 1950 20 professional positions and 38 clerical assistants in general education; 6 professional employees and 4 clerical assistants in general education, 6 professional employees and 4 clerical assistants in the education of physically handicapped, 12 professional and 12 clerical positions in vocational education, and 17 professional and 13 clerical in vocational rehabilitation. • Current 267 employees and 87 temporary employees plus the 24 hour teaching and supervisory staff of the School for the Deaf organized in four units: Finance and Administration; Assessment and Information; Student Learning and Partnerships; and Educational Innovation and Improvement

  9. Local Control vs. Consolidation • 1937-38 2114 School Districts in Oregon • 2010-11 197 School Districts and 20 Education Service Districts in Oregon

  10. Oregon Constitution, 1991 Article IX Section 11b. Property tax categories; limitation on categories; exceptions. (1) During and after the fiscal year 1991-92, taxes imposed upon any property shall be separated into two categories: One which dedicates revenues raised specifically to fund the public school system and one which dedicates revenues raised to fund government operations other than the public school system. The taxes in each category shall be limited as set forth in the table which follows and these limits shall apply whether the taxes imposed on property are calculated on the basis of the value of that property or on some other basis: MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAXESFor Each $1000.00 of Property’s Real Market Value Fiscal YearSchool SystemOther than Schools 1991-1992              $15.00                         $10.00 1992-1993                 $12.50                         $10.00 1993-1994                 $10.00                         $10.00 1994-1995                  $ 7.50                         $10.00 1995-1996                   $ 5.00                         $10.00 and thereafter

  11. Oregon Constitution, 1997 Article XI Section 11. Property tax limitations on assessed value and rate of tax; exceptions. (1)(a) For the tax year beginning July 1, 1997, each unit of property in this state shall have a maximum assessed value for ad valorem property tax purposes that does not exceed the property’s real market value for the tax year beginning July 1, 1995, reduced by 10 percent.      (b) For tax years beginning after July 1, 1997, the property’s maximum assessed value shall not increase by more than three percent from the previous tax year.

  12. Oregon Constitution, 2000 Article VIII Section 8. Adequate and Equitable Funding. (1) The Legislative Assembly shall appropriate in each biennium a sum of money sufficient to ensure that the state’s system of public education meets quality goals established by law, and publish a report that either demonstrates the appropriation is sufficient, or identifies the reasons for the insufficiency, its extent, and its impact on the ability of the state’s system of public education to meet those goals.      (2) Consistent with such legal obligation as it may have to maintain substantial equity in state funding, the Legislative Assembly shall establish a system of Equalization Grants to eligible districts for each year in which the voters of such districts approve local option taxes as described in Article XI, section 11 (4)(a)(B) of this Constitution. The amount of such Grants and eligibility criteria shall be determined by the Legislative Assembly. [Created through initiative petition filed Oct. 22, 1999, and adopted by the people Nov. 7, 2000]       Note: Added to Article VIII as unnumbered section by initiative petition (Measure No. 1, 2000) adopted by the people Nov. 7, 2000.

  13. Current Oregon System • Shift from locally funded to state funded system • Dependent primarily on the state income tax which is the least stable of property, income or consumption taxation • Local property taxes are capped at $5 per $1000 and growth is capped at 3% • “Kicker” Law requires that revenue surplus above 2% must be returned to the taxpayer • Structural Instability

  14. Structure of Governance US Constitution Oregon Legislature Oregon Revised Statutes Office of the Governor Gov. John Kitzhaber House Education Committee Ways and Means Committee Senate Education and Workforce Development Committee Higher Ed Subcommittee State Board of Higher Education Oregon Administrative Rules State Board of Education Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon University System Chancellor George Pernsteiner Oregon Department of Education Superintendent ofPublic Instruction Susan Castillo Department of Community Colleges and Workforce Development Commissioner Cam Preus 197 Local School Boards 17 Community College Presidents and Boards 3 Large Campuses Presidents UO, OSU, PSU 4 Regional Campuses Presidents WOU, SOU, EOU, OIT 20 ESD Boards Youth Corrections, Special Schools, Early Childhood, Long Term Care and Treatment

  15. Committee Structure House Senate Education and Workforce Development Membership:Mark Hass, ChairFrank Morse, Vice-ChairSuzanne BonamiciLarry GeorgeChip Shields • Education • Membership:Sara Gelser, Co-ChairMatt Wingard, Co-ChairJason Conger, Co-Vice ChairLew Frederick, Co-Vice ChairMichael DembrowJohn E HuffmanBetty KompJulie Parrish

  16. How Does a Bill Become Law?

  17. Key Players • Oregon Education Association (OEA) • Confederation of Oregon School Administrators (COSA) • Oregon School Boards Association (OSBA) • Oregon School Employees Association (OSEA) • Oregon University System (OUS) • Chalkboard Project • Stand for Children • Oregon Parent Teacher Association (OPTA) • Northwest Center for Educational Options • Oregon Department of Education (ODE) • Oregon Department of Community Colleges and Workforce Development (CCWD)

  18. Current Hot Topics • Budget and revised revenue forecast. Approved $5.577B +$100M from Education Stability Fund; total $5.7B. $1B short of Essential Budget Level. • SB909-Governor’s restructuring plan—Oregon Investment Board • SB242-Creates the Higher Education Coordinating Commission • SB552/HB2934-Create an appointed State Superintendent of Public Instruction • SB290 Alter teacher and principal evaluation process-core teacher standards-multiple performance measures • SB252-collaboration fund to support redesign of professional development • HB3619 (Feb. 2010) -Support a System for Professional Development throughout a professional’s career phases • “Florida Bills” teacher evaluation, mandatory retention, relaxed licensure

  19. Questions?

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