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Canada At War

Canada At War. Declaration and Initial Involvement. Automatically at War?. WWI = Yes (part of B.E.) Relationship with Britain has changed Statute of Westminster (1931) gave independence in foreign policy. Much debate in parliament Conscript issues from WWI

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Canada At War

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  1. Canada At War Declaration and Initial Involvement

  2. Automatically at War? • WWI = Yes (part of B.E.) • Relationship with Britain has changed • Statute of Westminster (1931) gave independence in foreign policy. • Much debate in parliament • Conscript issues from WWI • Compromise – war materials and volunteer army. • Declared war on September 10th, 1939

  3. Early Canadian Contribution • First troops sent in December 1939 • Merchant Marine to transport personnel and war materials. (38 ships at start of war) • Many ships were sunk by U-boats on their first trip across.

  4. British Commonwealth Air Training Plan • BCATP (December 1939) • Canada’s Air Force would train Allied pilots and crews in Canada. • Very few airfields at the start but built many quickly. • Trained more than 131,000 air crew during the war.

  5. National Resources Mobilization Act • Canadians like the war production at home and small troop deployment. (reduce casualties, build economy) • Major victories by Germany in 1940 changed that. • Britain was left alone pretty much. • NMRA was put in place May 1940 • Full commitment to the war effort.

  6. Battle of the Atlantic • Navy and Merchant Marine • Convoys to send essential supplies to Europe. • German submarines were very effective in sinking many ships. • By 1943, new technologies and weaponry had been developed that reduced the ships sunk. • Figure 7.4

  7. Hong Kong • Canadians sent to reinforce the British troops in Hong Kong (Nov. 1941) • Japan attacked Hong Kong December 7th. • By Christmas, the Japanese had won. • 290 Canadians killed, 1685 POW’s and more than 250 POW’s died in captivity.

  8. Dieppe • Another defeat at Dieppe in 1942 (port in France) • 6000 allied soldiers took part including almost 5000 Canadians • The raid was a disaster. Over 900 Canadians died and almost 2000 were taken ad POW’s. • People began to doubt Canada’s preparedness.

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